《2022年考博英语-黑龙江大学考试题库及模拟押密卷2（含答案解析）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-黑龙江大学考试题库及模拟押密卷2（含答案解析）（30页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2022年考博英语-黑龙江大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 翻译题As a fashionable leisure activity, traveling is favored by a growing number of people. Due to the rapid development of economy, the improvement of living standard and the governments support of tourism, traveling is becoming more and more popular in China. Trave
2、ling has gradually become an essential part of peoples daily life. On holidays, numerous Chinese tourists would swarm into scenic spots across the world. When traveling, people can broaden their horizons, enrich their knowledge and appreciate beautiful natural landscapes, which would eventually help
3、 to relax themselves physically and mentally.【答案】旅游作为一种时尚的休闲活动，为越来越多的人所喜爱。经济的迅猛发展、生活水平的提高，以及政府对旅游业的支持使得旅游在中国越来越流行。旅游已逐步成为人们日常生活必不可少的部分。每逢假期，大批的中国游客就会涌入世界各地的景点。旅游时人们可以开阔视野，增长知识，欣赏大自然的美丽风光，最终得以放松身心。2. 单选题Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apa
4、thy and stagnation, too much conflict leads to divisiveness and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more
5、 complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varie
6、d systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of f
7、or-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the pro
8、fit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisf
9、ying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.1.In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is（ ）.2.Professor Charles R. Schwenks resear
10、ch shows（ ）.3.We can learn from Schwenks research that（ ）.4.The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations（ ）.5.People working in a not-for-profit organization（ ）.问题1选项A.wrongB.oversimplifiedC.misleadingD.unclear问题2选项A.the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB.the real value of conflictC.
11、the difficult in determining the optimal level of conflictD.the complexity of defining the roles of conflict问题3选项A.a persons view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organizationB.conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsC.different people resolve conflicts in differ
12、ent waysD.it is impossible for people to avoid conflict问题4选项A.there is no end of conflictB.expression of different opinions is encouragedC.decisions must be justifiableD.success lies in general agreement问题5选项A.seem to be difficult to satisfyB.are free to express diverse opinionsC.are less effective
13、in making decisionsD.find it easier to reach agreement【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.观点态度题。由第二段“Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. 然而，Charles R. Schwenk教授最近的研究表明
14、，确定冲突的最佳水平可能比这些简单的概括要复杂得多。”可知作者认为公众对于冲突的理解过于简单。故B项正确。2.细节事实题。由“Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. 然而，Charles R. Schwenk教授最近的研究表明，确定冲突的最佳水平可能比这些简单的概括要复杂得多。”可知确定冲突的最佳水
15、平存在困难。故C项正确。3.推理判断题。由第三段“Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. 有些令人惊讶的是，Schwenk发现，对于冲突的看法随着组织类型的不同而系统地变化。”接下来分别列举了盈利机构和非盈利机构对待冲突的不同看法。故A项正确。4.推理判断题。由第四段“In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making e
16、ffectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators. 在以盈利为目的的组织中，决策效能最常以财务术语来评估。高管们认为，共识而不是冲突可以增强财务指标。”可知盈利机构认为共识能增强财务指标。故D项“成功在于统一的意见（共识）”正确。5.推理判断题。由最后一段“In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making ef
