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1、奋斗中学高二年级Unit 5 First aid一 词汇学习1. aid (1) n. 【U】帮助，援助，资助拓展：do/give/offer first aid 进行急救in aid of 为了帮助 with the aid of 在.帮助（救助）下英译：为了帮助饥饿的孩子们，我正在搞募捐。I am collecting money in aid of starving children.(2) vt. 帮助，援助拓展：aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 aid sb in (doing) sth 帮助某人（做）某事 aid sb with sth 在某事上帮助某人汉译：I a
2、ided the poor girl in continuing her study.我帮助这个可怜的女孩继续她的学业。英译：在星期天我通常帮妈妈做家务。 On Sundays I usually aid my mother to do housework.2. variety n. 变化；多样（化）；多变（性）拓展：(1)varieties of/a variety of/various 各种各样的汉译：There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.有种类繁多的图案可供选择。英译：这家商店出售各种各样的玩具。This shop sell
3、s varieties of toys. (2)vary v. 变化，使多样化 vary fromto 从到不等；在到之间变动 vary with随而变动汉译：Prices vary according to the type of room you require.价格随所要求的户型而有所变化。3.squeeze vt.&vi 榨；挤；压榨拓展：squeezefrom/out of 从榨取 squeeze out 榨出，挤出 squeeze into 挤进汉译：He squeezed himself into a crowded bus. 他挤进了拥挤的公共汽车。英译：她把一个柠檬的汁挤了出
4、来。 She squeezed the juice from a lemon.汉译：Tom took off his wet clothes and squeezed the water out.汤姆脱下了湿衣服，将水拧出。4.vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的拓展：be vital to/for 对极为重要It is vital that 至关重要的是（从句的谓语常用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形）英译：我们应该立即开始手术，这是生死攸关的。Its vital that we (should) carry out the operation immediately.经常锻炼
5、对你的健康很重要。Regular exercise is vital to/for your health.5.treat.(1)vt. 治疗；对待，款待拓展：treat sb for 为某人治疗 treat sb to sth 用招待某人 treat sb as 把某人当做汉译：The dentist is treating my teeth.牙医正给我治牙。英译：他们把我当亲生孩子看待。They treated me as their own child.英译：她请每个孩子吃冰激凌。She treated each of the children to an ice-cream.(2) n
6、. 款待；请客汉译：We took the kids to the zoo as a special treat.作为特别的消遣，我们带孩子们到动物园去。Lets go out for lunch after workmy treat. 下班后咱们到外面去吃午餐，我请客。(3) treatment n. 治疗，疗法；对待汉译：There are various treatments available for this illness.对这种疾病有各种各样的疗法。6.apply (1) vt. 应用；运用；涂；敷；搽；专心于拓展：applyto 把应用于apply oneself to 致力于
7、apply sth to sth 给涂、敷英译：护士正在给他的伤口敷药。The nurse is applying some medicine to his wound.汉译：New technology is being applied to almost every industrial process.新技术正被应用到几乎所有的工业流程。英译：如果你专心学习，你就会通过考试。 You would pass your exams if you applied yourself to your study.(2) vt 申请；请求；使用；有效拓展：apply for 申请 apply to
8、sb for sth 向某人申请某物 apply to 适用于汉译：What I have said applies only to some of you. 我所说的只适用于你们当中的一部分人。英译：他已经在英国申请了一个职位。 He has applied for a position in England.二：重点短语1. fall ill 生病拓展：fall asleep 睡着 fall behind 落后；落在后面 fall silent 沉默 fall down 摔倒 fall in love with 爱上汉译：She fell ill and died soon after.
9、她病倒不久便去世了。注意：fall ill 强调突然病倒，是短暂性动词短语，不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用；be ill表示生病的状态，是延续性动词短语，可与表示时间段的时间状语连用。试译：她卧病在床已经2个星期了。（判断正误） (正)：She has been ill in bed for two weeks. (误)：She has fallen ill in bed for two weeks.2. over and over again 反复；多次英译：老师已多次告诉我不要沉迷于电脑游戏。 My teacher has told me over and over again not t
10、o get addicted to computer games.拓展：again and again 反复，一再 over and over 一再，反复 once again 再一次 time and (time) again 多次，一再英译：我一再告诉学生们要努力学习。 I told the students again and again to study hard.3. in place 在适当的位置；适当汉译：As soon as all the chairs are in place, we can let the people in.一旦所有的椅子都摆放好了，我们就可以让人进来了
11、。 The proposal is not quite in place. 那个提议并不十分适当。拓展：in ones place 在某人的位置上 out of place 不合适；不在适当的位置 in place of sb./sth=in sbs/sths place 代替某人（物） take the place of 代替 take ones place 代替；就位，就职 give place to 让位给 英译：这些衣服摆乱了。露西，请把它们放好。 These clothes are out of place. Please put them away, Lucy. 你可以用铅笔代替钢
12、笔。 You can use a pencil in place of a pen.3. a number of 若干；许多汉译：A large number of trucks have to be stopped because of the heavy snow. 许多大卡车由于大雪不得不停下来。填空：A number of students are (be) in the lab now.归纳：a number of 用于修饰可数名词复数，number 前可以加 large, good, great 等形容词。a number of修饰可数名词复数，意为“许多”，number前可加go
13、od,great等形容词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。the number of与复数名词连用，意为“的数目”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。辨析：填一填:A number of teachers are present today, the number of whom is 300.许多教师今天都出席了，有300人。4. put ones hands on 找到英译：母亲在人群中找到了孩子。 The mother put her hands on her child in the crowd.汉译：Its most upset that you cant put your hands on it when you badly need something. 最气人的是当你急需要某样东西时却偏偏找不到它。5. make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起（重要）作用英译：锻炼会对你的健康状况发挥很大作用。 Exercise can make a great difference to your state of health.汉译：She makes a differe
