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1、 毕业设计数控零件加工工艺与编程CNC Parts Machining Technology and Programming 班 级： 学生姓名： 学 号： 指导教师： 职 称： 导师单位： 论文提交日期： 摘 要 数控加工因为其高柔性、高精度、高度自动化与高效率的特点，在机械制造业中的应用越来越广泛，在当今社会的位置越来越重要。本次设计我使用手动编程。本次毕业设计是关于某个零件的加工工艺与程序进行分析与编制，在本次设计中,通过对零件的图形分析,材料分析,选好了加工毛坯尺寸,另外还对加工的工序.工艺进行分析,从而手工将加工零件的全部工艺过程、工艺参数、位移数据等以规定的代码、程序格式写出,编制
2、出了适合所选铣床的程序。完成这次设计我做了以下工作：1.零件图进行分析。本零件是对称图形，尺寸要求不高，但是有圆角、曲面和二次曲线较复杂的结构，对加工的程序要求高。根据零件图，合理的构思出加工顺序，并数字化建模，用UG软件画出零件的立体图，并选择毛坯材料和尺寸。2.零件工艺性分析。加工的零件是对称的图形，一零件的几何中心为进刀点，也作为程序的原点。非加工的边缘四周区域是正方形，所以方便装夹，对夹具的要求不高。台虎钳足以满足零件装夹的要求。加工零件选择合理道具，粗铣毛坯量大，用面铣刀进行加工，其余的用6的立铣刀加工。球面用6球面铣刀加工。根据刀具和零件的要求算出切削用量，制定工艺卡片。3.数控铣
3、床零件加工程序的编制。手动编写出零件的加工程序，零件的程序中应用到了倒圆角的宏程序，球面的宏程序，二次曲线的宏程序。使用了G68旋转固定循环。零件加工的是内部结构，所以由上之下，由中间到四周进行加工。根据工艺卡片的要求分先后分别进行粗精加工。关键词: 零件的分析 装夹 工艺 编程 宏程序AbstractBecause the numerical control processing its high flexibility, the high accuracy, highly automated and the high efficiencys characteristic, is getti
4、ng more and more widespread in machine-building industrys application, is now getting more and more important in societys position.This graduation project is carries on the analysis and the establishment about some components processing craft and the procedure, in this design, through to the compone
5、nts graph analysis, the material analysis, chose the processing blank dimension, in addition to processing working procedure. The craft carries on the analysis, thus the handwork will process the code which, the program format the components the complete technological process, the technological para
6、meter, the displacement data and so on stipulated to write, established has suited chooses milling machines procedure. Completes this design to obtain from the following several steps:1.the pair gives the detail drawing carries on the analysis. This components are the symmetric figure, the size requ
7、est are not high, but has the fillet, the surface and the conic section complex structure, requests high to the processing procedure. According to the detail drawing, the reasonable idea processing sequence, and the digitized modelling, draws the components with the UG software the block diagram, an
8、d chooses the semifinished materials material and the size. 2.the components carry on the technological analysis. The processing components are the symmetrical graph, a components geometric center is the feed spot, also as procedure zero point. The non-processings edge all around region is a square,
9、 therefore the convenient attire clamps, is not high to jigs request. The bench vise satisfies the request which sufficiently the components attire clamps. The processing components choice reasonable stage prop, the rough milling semifinished materials quantity is big, carries on the processing with
10、 the face milling cutter, other uses 6 end mill processing. The spherical surface processes with 6 the spherical cutter. Figures out the cutting specifications according to the cutting tool and the components request, the formulation process chart.3.the numerical control milling machine components a
11、dd the project the foreword establishment. Manual compiled the components the processing program, in the components procedure applies the round angle great procedure, the spherical surface great procedure, the conic section great procedure. Used G68 to revolve the fixed cycle. What components proces
12、sing is the internal structure, therefore from, to all around carries on the processing from among. Carries on the thick precision work separatelysuccessively according to process charts request minute.key word: Components analysis Clamping Process Programming Macro programs目 录中文摘要及关键词2目录11.绪论31.1数控
13、机床的产生和发展31.2数控加工的特点41.3本课题的主要内容及任务42. 椭圆菱形板零件的图样分析42.1零件的结构特点分析42.2零件的技术要求分析53.椭圆菱形板零件的工艺分析53.1毛坯的选择53.2定位基准的选择53.3装夹方式的选择63.4刀具的选择63.5切削用量的选择74.拟定椭圆菱形板的加工工艺路线74.1表面加工方法的确定74.2工艺路线的确定84.3工艺卡片的制定84.3 1工艺过程卡84.3.2数控加工工序95.椭圆菱形板零件的数控加工程序的编制105.1编程方法的确定105.2坐标系的建立115.3加工程序清单12小 结17参考文献17附图 零件标准图纸18第一章 绪论数控是现代机械加工的主流，并随着科学技术的发展，在不断进步。但是机械产品的结构越来越合理，其性能、精度和效率日趋提高，更新换代频繁，生产类型由大批量生产向多品种小批量生产转换。1因此，数控技术应用加工效率有待提高。据统计数控加工与编制加工程序的时间之比为1：30，所以提高生产效率，程序的编制是关键。短时
