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1、2022年考博英语-北京科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题This school promised to make classes smaller and offer more individualized（ ）.问题1选项A.presentationB.instructionC.convictionD.obligation【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A项presentation“展示，描述”，B项instruction“指令，命令，教导”，C项conviction“定罪，确信”，D项obligation“义务，职责”；根据句子语境“这所学校承诺缩小班级规模，提供更个性
2、化的”可知，只有B项符合。句意：这所学校承诺要缩小班级规模，提供更加个性化的教学。因此，该题选择B项正确。2. 单选题Changing the computer system would entail substantial periods of retraining.问题1选项A.withholdB.extendC.overtakeD.impose【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。entail表示“使需要，承担，引起”；A项withhold“保留，隐瞒”，B项extend“延伸，扩大”，C项overtake“改善，压倒”，D项impose“利用，强加”。句意：改变计算机系统将需要大量的再培训时
3、间。根据句意可知，“需要大量的时间”相当于“延长时间”，故该题选择B项正确。3. 单选题For years, a network of citizens groups and scientific bodies has been claiming that science of global warming is inconclusive. But who funded them?Exxons involvement is well known. ExxonMobil is the worlds most profitable corporation. It makes most of its
4、 money from oil, and has more to lose than any other company from efforts to tackle climate change. To safeguard its profits, ExxonMobil needs to sow doubt about whether serious action needs to be taken on climate change. But there are difficulties: if must confront a scientific consensus as strong
5、as that which maintains that smoking causes lung cancer or that HIV causes Aids. So whats its strategy?The website Exxonsecrets.org, using data found in the companys official documents, lists 124 organizations that have taken money from the company or work closely with those that have. These organiz
6、ations take a consistent line on climate change: that the science is contradictory, the scientists are split, environmentalists are liars or lunatics, and if governments took action to prevent global warming, they would be endangering the global economy for no good reason. The findings these organiz
7、ations dislike are labeled “junk science”. The findings they welcome are labeled “sound science”.This is not to claim that all the science these groups champion is bogus. On the whole, they use selection, not invention. They will find one contradictory studysuch as the discovery of tropospheric (对流层
8、的) coolingand promote it relentlessly. They will continue to do so long after it has been disproved by further work. So, for example, John Christy, the author of the troposphere paper, admitted in August 2005 that his figures were incorrect, yet his initial findings are still being circulated and ch
9、ampioned by many of these groups, as a quick internet search will show you.While they have been most effective in the United States, the impacts of the climate-change deniers sponsored by Exxon have been felt all over the world. By dominating the media debate on climate change during seven or eight
10、critical years in which urgent international talks should have been taking place, by constantly seeding doubt about the science just as it should have been most persuasive, they have justified the money their sponsors have spent on them many times over.1. Which of the following has NOT been done by
11、the organizations to establish their position on climate change?2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “bogus” (in Paragraph 4)?3. John Christy is mentioned to show（ ）.4. The organizations sponsored by Exxon（ ）.5. The passage is mainly focused on（ ）.问题1选项A.Damaging the reputation of envi
12、ronmentalists.tB.Emphasizing the lack of consensus among scientists.tC.Stressing the unnecessary harm to tile global economy.tD.Protecting the scientific discoveries from being misused.t问题2选项A.Reasonable.tB.Fake.tC.Limitless.tD.Inconsistent.t问题3选项A.how closely these organizations work with scientist
13、stB.how these organizations select scientific findings for their own purposetC.how important correct data are for scientists to make sound discoveriestD.how one mans mistake may set back the progress of sciencet问题4选项A.have lived up to their promisestB.have almost caused worldwide chaostC.have failed
14、 to achieve their original goaltD.have misunderstood the request of the sponsort问题5选项A.Exxons involvement in scientific scandalstB.Exxons contributions to the issue of climate changetC.Exxons role in delaying solutions to global warmingtD.Exxons efforts to promote more scientific discoveries【答案】第1题:
15、D第2题:B第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C【解析】第1题:细节判断题。题干意思是“以下哪项是这些组织在确定其对气候变化的立场时没有做过的？”。文章的第三段提到These organizations take a consistent line on climate change: that the science is contradictory, the scientists are split, environmentalists are liars or lunatics, and if governments took action to prevent global warming, they would be endangering the global economy for no good reason.（这些组织在气候变化问题上的立场是一致的：科学是矛盾的，科学家是分裂的，环保主义者是骗子或疯子，如果政府采取行动阻止全球变暖，他们将在没有充分理由的情况下危害全球经济），由此可知A项“破坏环保主义者的声誉”、B项“强调科学家之间缺乏共识”和C项“强调对全球经济的不必要伤害”都属于这些组织在确定其对气候变化的立场时的说辞，只有D项“保护科学发现不被滥用”没有提及
