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1、第 4 页 共 页目录引言中文摘要英文摘要1组合机床的总体设计10 1.1 组合机床方案的制定定制 101.1.1 制定工艺方案 10 1.1.2 确定组合机床的配置形式和结构方案 10 1.2 确定切削用量及选择刀具12 1.2.1 确定工序间余量12 1.2.2 选择切削用量12 1.2.3 确定切削刀、切削扭矩、切削功率13 1.2.4 选择刀具结构14 1.3 “三图一卡”的编制14 1.3.1 被加工零件工序图14 1.3.2 加工示意图16 1.3.3 机床联系尺寸图20 1.3.4 生产率计算卡23 1.4 多轴箱的设计26 1.4.1 绘制多轴箱设计原始依据图26 1.4.2
2、主轴、齿轮模数的选择27 1.4.3 多轴箱的传动设计27 1.4.4 绘制传动系统图36第 5 页 共 页 1.4.5 传动零件的校核31 1.5 确定机械重块平衡机构35 1.6 液压系统36 1.6.1 Z轴液压泵的确定36 1.6.2 轴液压动力的确定38 1.6.3 拟定液压系统图392夹具设计422.1机床夹具的概述422.1.1机床夹具的组成422.1.2机床夹具的类型422.2 工件机构特422.3 工件定位方案和定位元件的设计422.4 夹紧方案和夹紧元件的设计422.5 夹具的性能及优点432.6 夹具体的设计432.7 误差分析与计算442.8 夹具精度分析计算442.9
3、 夹具设计及操作的简要说明463谢辞47参考文献48第 1 页 共 页摘要本论文主要说明组合机床设计的基本过程及要求。组合机床是按高度集中原则设计的，即在一台机床上可以同时完成同一种工序或多种不同工序的加工。组合机床发展于工业生产末期，与传统的机床相比：组合机床具有许多优点：效率高、精度高、成本低。它由床身、立柱、工作台、及电源一些基本部件及一些特殊部件，根据不同的工件加工所需而设计的。 在组合机床上可以完成很多工序，但就目前使用的大多数组合机床来说，则主要用于平面加工和孔加工两大类工序。论文主要内容包括四大部分：（1）、制定工艺方案 通过了解被加工零件的加工特点、精度和技术要求、定位夹紧情况
4、、生产效率及机床的结构特点等，确定在组合机床上完成的工艺内容及加工方法，并绘制被加工零件工序图。（2）、组合机床的总体设计确定机床各部件之间的相互关系，选择通用部件和刀具的导向，计算切削用量及机床生产效率、绘制机床的尺寸联系图及加工示意图。（3）、组合机床部件设计包括专用多轴箱的设计，传动布局合理，轴与齿轮之间不发生干涉，保证传动的平稳性和精确性。专用主轴设计、轴承的选用及电机的选择等。（4）、液压系统的设计采用了许多液压控制阀，保证了运动的平衡性，循环性和精确性。（5）夹具的设计 采用专用的夹具减少装夹的次数，提高生产效率。另外，本文还涉及到大量的设计和计算，包括：（1）、主轴的选择和传动布
5、置，以保证加工过程中被加工零件的精度；（2）、传动轴的设计和校核，以保证轴的刚度；（3）、齿轮的设计、计算，对齿轮的强度和刚度进行校核；多轴箱部分是本次设计的重要环节，本次设计中它的设计既要保证工作台的运动的合理、平衡和准确，又要满足工作要求。在本文中的大量设计、计算使第2 页 共 页它在理论上满足了设计和工作的要求。关键词：组合机床,离合器压盘,主轴箱,夹具AbstractThis thesis mainly elucidates the basic process and requirements that design of the combination machine. Combin
6、ation machine is designed according the fundamental , which highly centralized ,or , more correctly it can process one working procedure or more different working procedures at one time . Combination machine was developed in the end of industrial production compared with traditional machine; combina
7、tion machine has many advantages , such as high efficiency , high accuracy and low cost . It is composed of some general parts , such as bed ,column ,work able ,power unit ,and some special parts designed according to different work piece machining need.The preface of a lot of works can be completed
8、 on the combination machine, but in regard to the majority current usage of combination machine, then and primarily used for the flat surface to process and the bore to process two big work preface. The main part including :(1) Formulating technological plan We,ve learned the characteristic of the p
9、art designed ,accuracy and specification ,locating and fixing ,productivity and machining structure by the practice .Then the technological operation and work order can be determined which can be finished in combination machine.(2) Combination machine frame design determines the interrelation of the
10、 different part in the machining tool ,select general parts and tool oriented .Then compute cut feed and productivity finally draw a sketch map of the machine .(3) Combination machine parts design including headstock、proper transmission layout 、shaft and gear move freely without interference which e
11、nsure the stability and accuracy during transmission ,then design dedicated select bearings and engine etc.(4)The design of the hydraulic systemUsing a number of hydraulic control valve, to ensure the movement of the balance,第3 页 共 页circulation and accuracy.（5）The design of the fixtureUsing special
12、clamps to reduce the number of clamping, improve production efficiency.In addition ,the thesis deals with amount of components devices and calculations ,including :(1) Choice of the main shaft and disposal of transmission , by doing so to ensure the accuracy of components machining in process when the main shaft rotating; (2)The device and check of the transmission shaft ,so it can assure the rigidity of the shaft is allowable ;(3) Gear device and calculations ,check the performance in the strength and rigidity of it ;headstock is a very important pa
