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1、Unit 3 A healthy life课时作业.阅读理解(2020“皖豫联盟体”高中毕业班第一次考试)Do you know that junk food isnt healthy? Of course you do! Do you eat it anyway? Of course you do! But a new study shows teaching adolescents about the ways food companies fool them into thinking junk food is cool can encourage kids to fight backb
2、y eating healthier.The pull of junk food can be superstrong. Its designed to be tasty, which makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it. Yet we keep eating junk food.Professor Christopher Bryan says, “Food co
3、mpanies want you to want junk food.” They spend millions of dollars coming up with new ways to promote junk food consumption. They hire scientists to make new junk food almost irresistible. They might do this, for example, by adding more sugar. Rats fed junk food for six weeks will even walk across
4、a floor that gives them electric shocks just to get more of such food.Food ads often make unhealthy junk food seem healthy by featuring professional athletes, fitlooking pop stars and smiling, active teens. “We thought when the students learned this, it would matter to them，” Bryan says. He worked w
5、ith 8th graders at a Texas school. Half of them got a lesson Bryan created. It focused on the ways junk food is advertised, or marketed. A second group received lessons that focused on health. These lessons informed students junk food is bad, and that foods like apples or carrots are a better choice
6、. The students learned a bad diet can lead to major weight gain，and that being overweight puts people at risk for serious diseases. They also learned how eating well now can keep you healthy when youre older.After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most di
7、dnt have positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明：让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。1Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?ATo express his doubts about junk food.BTo promote the idea of healthy eating.CTo describe the situation of junk food.DTo intr
8、oduce the topic for discussion.答案：D推理判断题。通读全文内容可以推断，文章第一段中提及那两个问题是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。2What remains a great health challenge to doctors?AMaking people do more exercise.BMaking people eat healthily.CMaking people lose weight.DMaking people prefer junk food.答案：B细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Its designed to be tasty, which
9、 makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it.”可知，垃圾食品很美味，这使吃得好成为一个巨大的健康挑战，从医生到政府每一个人都一直在努力应对这一挑战。由此可知，对医生而言，让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的挑战。3What message does Paragraph 3 mainly try to convey?AWhat makes junk food almost im
10、possible to resist.BWhat influences junk food can have on consumers.CHow food companies try to get people to reach for junk food.DWhy food companies promote the consumption of junk food.答案：C推理判断题。文章第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消费者吃垃圾食品”，紧接着说到“他们(食品公司)花巨资想办法推广垃圾食品，聘请科学家制作令人无法抗拒的垃圾食品”，接着还举例说“他们可能会往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。由此可以推
11、断，作者在本段主要是想告诉读者，食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。4Which of the following words can best describe Bryans lessons? AShocking. BPopular.CEffective. DAbstract.答案：C推理判断题。文章第四段主要介绍Bryan给德克萨斯州的一所学校的八年级学生们上的课。根据文章最后一段“After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most didnt have
12、positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.”可知，课后当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时，大多数人对这些不健康的食品都持负面的看法。由此可以推断，Bryan的课是有效的。(2019全国卷)During the rosy years of elementary school (小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came
13、 my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a wellexplored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical p
14、sychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers. The likables playswellwithothers qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jumpstart interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then theres the kind of popularity that a
15、ppears in adolescence：status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage (从事)
16、 in dangerous and risky behavior.”In one study, Dr Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys (调查研究). “We found that the least wellliked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clea
