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1、专题06 连词 考点解读分析近几年中考试题可以看出,连词是中考必设考点,题型涉及单项选择、完形填空、单词拼写及书面表达,主要考查并列连词前后句的逻辑关系以及状语或宾语从句的引导词的选择,具体考点如下：1. 连词基本的句法效用及分类； 2. 并列连词与从属连词基本用法辨析；3. 常见并列连词的含义及其逻辑关系；4. 宾语从句连接词的辨析运用；5. 状语从句引导词的词义辨析及主从句时态的搭配；6. 常见易混连词的用法或词义辨析。7. 书面表达对文章条理与流畅性的要求。 考向突破1. 连词的概念及分类：顾名思义,连词就是起连接作用,连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子的词。连词不能独立充当句子成分,是
2、一种虚词。根据在句中所起作用的不同,常把连词分为并列连词和从属连词。(1) 并列连词用来连接同一层次且具有相同句法效用的词、短语或句子；【经典例题1】改错题：They sat down and talk about something.【参考答案】They sat down and talked about something. 【解析】and连接两个并列的谓语,形式应该相同,应将talk改为 talked。【经典例题2】改错题：They started to dance and sang.【参考答案】They started to dance and sing.【解析】and连接两个并列的动
3、词不定式,第二个不定式常省略to,应将sang改为 sing。【经典例题3】I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.【参考答案】I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.【解析】and 连接感观动词saw 后的用作宾补的两个并列分词结构,应将whisper改为whispering。(2) 从属连词用来连接不同层次,具有主从关系的词、短语或句子。【经典例题4】(2019年连云港中考改编) _ we didnt win the basketball game, _ we were sat
4、isfied with our hard work.A. Though; 不填 B. Though; but C. 不填; though D. But; though 【参考答案】A【解析】连词的含义及用法辨析。句意：虽然我们没有赢得篮球比赛,但是我们对自己努力工作的态度很满意。连词but与though不能同时出现在同一句子中,只能选用其一。but为并列连词,连接的简单句组成并列句,即：并列句=简单句+并列连词+简单句；though为从属连词,连接的简单句组成复合句,即：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句。同一个句子,不能既是并列句,又是复合句。【拓展】连词because与so不能同时出现在同一
5、句子中,只能选用其一。because为从属连词,连接的简单句组成复合句； so为并列连词,连接简单句组成并列句。同一个句子,不能既是并列句,又是复合句。【经典例题5】翻译：虽然他很累,但他仍然努力工作。【参考答案1】Although he was tired, but he still worked hard. (错误)【参考答案2】Although he was tired, he still worked hard. (正确)【参考答案3】He was tired, but he still worked hard. (正确)2. 并列连词(1) 表示顺承、延续或平行关系的并列连词并列连词
6、词义例句and和；而且We are singing and they are dancing.bothand两者都Both you and I are students.not onlybut also不但而且Not only you but also he has gone to Canada.neithernor既不也不She likes neither butter nor cheese.【经典例题6】(2019山东临沂) A break between classes is a good time for students to play sports and talk with th
7、eir classmates. So it _helps with students health, _improves their social skills.A. either; or B. neither; nor C. not only; but also【参考答案】C【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：课间休息是学生进行体育活动和与同学交谈的好时机,因此,它不仅有助于学生的健康,而且提高了他们的社交技能。eitheror或者或者; neithernor既不.也不；not onlybut also不仅而且；根据句意,课间休息对学生的健康和社交技能都有帮助,故这里表示“不仅而且”,选C。【经典例
8、题7】(2019湖北孝感) Whats the secret of success, Dr. Know? More time and effort, _ youll make it some day.A. yet B. or C. and D. but【参考答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。句意：成功的秘诀是什么,Know博士?再多花些时间和精力,总有一天你会成功的。yet但是,然而；or或者,否则；and和；but但是。固定句型：祈使句+and/or+表结果的陈述句。当前后分句为顺承关系时,连词选用and,分句前后意思相反时,连词选用or。祈使句相当于if条件句,陈述句需用一般将来时。根据句意可
9、知,本句前后是顺承关系,选C。(2) 表示转折或对比关系的并列连词连词词义用法例句but但是表转折His mother wont be there, but his father might.while但是,然而表对比I like English while he likes math.however然而位置灵活,用逗号与句子隔开We tried our best. However, we lost the game.【经典例题8】(2019山东济南) I cant find my ruler,_ I know its somewhere in the living room A. so B.
10、 if C. but D. and【参考答案】C【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：我找不到我的尺子,但我知道它在客厅的某个地方。根据句意可知,前后句之间为转折关系,选C【经典例题9】Michael was playing basketball with his friends _ his brother was listening to music.A. while B. after C. because D. until【参考答案】A【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：迈克尔正在和他的朋友们打篮球,而他哥哥正在听音乐。根据句意可知,前后句之间表对比,选A。(3) 表示选择关系的并列连词连词词义例句or或者
11、;否则Hurry up, or you will be late.eitheror或者或者Either Alice or her father cooks meals at home.whether or不管还是Whether you like or dislike the job, youll have to finish it.【经典例题10】(2019山东滨州)Emily, you are playing video games again! Study hard, _ you will fail in the coming exam.A. then B. so C. and D. or
12、【参考答案】D【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：艾米丽,你又在玩电子游戏了!努力学习吧,否则你会考不及格。then然后,表顺承；so所以,表结果；and和,表并列；or否则,表条件。“祈使句+or+陈述句”为固定句型。根据句意可知,选D。(4) 表示因果关系的并列连词连词词义例句so因此,所以He worked hard, so he passed the exam.for因为Youd better put on your coat, for its getting cold outside.【经典例题11】 (2019山西) You cant decide whether or not you l
13、ike something until you try it, _ its important to try something new.A. but B. or C. so【参考答案】C【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：你不能决定你是否喜欢一些事情直到你尝试它,所以尝试一些新的事情很重要。but但是,表转折；or或者；否则；so因此,所以。根据句意可知,空前后之间表示因果关系,选C。3. 引导宾语从句的从属连词引导宾语从句的从属连词简称为引导词,与宾语从句的语序、时态合称为宾语从句的三要素。考查时,常三者结合考查。宾语从句的引导词根据来源可分为以下三种情况：(1) 从属连词that引导的宾语从句由
14、陈述句转化来的宾语从句通常添加引导词that。that无意义,不翻译,只起连接作用,也不在宾语从句中充当任何成分,可省略。例句：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.【经典例题12】 改错题：He asks me that Tom will come to my birthday tomorrow.【参考答案1】He tells me that Tom will come to my birthday tomorrow.【解析】考查宾语从句引导词与主句动词的搭配。句意：他告诉我汤姆明天要来参加我的生日聚会。Tom will come to my birthday tomorrow. 为陈述句,陈述明天发生的事情,不存在疑问,不能与ask搭配使用,修改为tells。【参考答案2】He asks me if/whether Tom will come to my birthday tomorrow.【解析】考查宾语从句引导词与主句动词的搭配。句意：他问我汤姆明天是否要来参加我的生日聚
