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1、2022年考博英语-武汉大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 翻译题1.For most people, shopping is still a matter of wandering down the high street or loading a cart in a shopping mall. Soon, that will change. Electronic commerce is growing fast and will soon bring people more choice. There will, however, be a cost: protecting
2、 the consumer from fraud will be harder. Many governments therefore want to extend high-street regulations to the electronic world. But politicians would be wiser to see cyberspace as a basis for a new era of corporate self-regulation.2.Consumers in rich countries have grown used to the idea that th
3、e government takes responsibility for everything from the stability of the banks to the safety of the drugs, or their rights to refund when goods are faulty. But governments cannot enforce national laws on businesses whose only presence in their country is on a screen. Other countries have regulator
4、s, but the rules of consumer protection differ, as does enforcement. Even where a clear right to compensation exists, the on-line catalogue customer in Tokyo, say, can hardly go to New York to extract a refund for a dud purchase.23.One answer is for governments to cooperate more: to recognize each o
5、thers rules. But that requires years of work and volumes of detailed rules. And plenty of countries have rules too fanciful for sober states to accept. Then, let the electronic businesses do the “regulation” themselves. They do, after all, have a self-interest in doing so.24.In electronic commerce,
6、a reputation for honest dealing will be a valuable competitive asset. Governments, too, may compete to be trusted. For instance, customers ordering medicines on-line may prefer to buy from the United States because they trust the rigorous screening of the Food and Drug Administration; or they may de
7、cide that the FDAs rules are too strict, and buy from Switzerland instead.Consumers will still need to use their judgment. But precisely because the technology is new, electronic shoppers are likely for a while to be a lot more cautious than consumers of the normal sortand the new technology will al
8、so make it easier for them to complain noisily when a company lets them down. In this way, at least, the advent of cyberspace may argue for fewer consumer protection laws, not more.Directions:Read the following passage, and then translate the underlined parts numbered from (1) to(4) , from English i
9、nto Chinese. Please write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.【答案】1.就大多数人而言，购物仍然意味着沿着大街闲逛或者在大型购物中心装满购物车。不久，这种情况会有所改变。电子商务迅猛发展，不久会给人们带来更多的选择。然而，这需要付出代价：保护顾客使之免受欺骗会更加困难。因此，许多政府想把街道的条例延伸到电子世界。2.富裕国家的消费者已习惯于这样的观念，政府应对一切负责，包括银行的稳定和药物的安全，以及退回有缺陷商品的权利，但是一些政府不会把国家的法律强加给只在本国屏幕上出现的企业。3.一种回答是：政府之间要进行更多的合作，即承认彼此的条例
10、，但这需要许多详细的条例，许多国家制定的条例纯属空想，以至于一些严肃的国家不愿接受，那么就让电子企业自我约束吧。4.在电子商务中，诚信经营的声誉会成为竞争中的无价之宝。为了赢得信誉，一些政府也可能会展开竞争。譬如说，在网上订购药品的顾客可能愿意从美国那里购买，因为他们相信食品及药品管理局的严格审查，他们也有可能断定食品及药品管理局的条例过于苛刻，因而从瑞士那里购买。2. 翻译题20世纪，人类创造的物质文明和精神财富，超过了以往任何一个时代。令人遗憾的是，人类在这100年中也经历了前所未有的苦难，特别是遭受了两次世界大战的浩劫。但是世界的历史从来是由世界人民创造和书写的，因而正义总会战胜邪恶，光
11、明总会战胜黑暗，进步总会战胜落后，人类必然会不断地克服艰难险阻，向着美好的未来开拓前进。在21世纪，世界人民虽然仍面临着许多严峻的挑战，可人类也面临着巨大的发展机遇。只要世界人民同心协力，形成战胜一切挑战的巨大力量，人类文明进步的航船就必将乘风破浪地前进。世界是丰富多彩的。各国人民走过了不同的历史发展道路，有着不同的文化背景、社会制度和价值观念，延续着不同的生活方式。这种多样性正是世界充满竞赛、活力和创新的根本原因。各国之间应该加强交流和了解，在相互尊重和平等相待的基础上共同前进，而不应让这种多样性成为阻碍各国人民携手共进的隔阂，更不应人为地从中挑起对立和冲突。尊重和发展世界文明的多样性，并在
12、这种多样性中找到共同利益之所在，是人类社会向前发展的伟大动力。Directions:Translate the following paragraph from Chinese into English. Please write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.【答案】In the 20th century, mankind created material and spiritual wealth unmatched by any other time in history. Regrettably, it was also in these 100 yea
13、rs that humanity experienced unprecedented hardships, particularly the havoc of the two world wars. But it is always by the people of the world that world history is made and written. Therefore, justice will inevitably prevail over evil, light over darkness and progress over backwardness. Mankind wi
14、ll undoutedly keep overcoming difficulties and obstacles, blaze new trails and steadily move forward to a better future. In the 21st century, though the people all over the world are still confronted with a multitude of formidable challenges, they are also faced with tremendous opportunities for dev
15、elopment. As long as they work as one and constitute powerful strength that can prevail over every challenge, the ship of mankinds civilization and progress will surely sail forward by braving the wind and waves.The world is colorful. People of different countries have traversed different roads, enj
16、oyed different cultural backgrounds, social systems and values and continued different ways of life. This diversity is just the fundamental reason for contest, vigor and innovation in this world. All countries should strengthen the exchange and understanding among them and advance toward a common goal on the basis of mutual respect and equality. They should not allow the diversity to be a barrier to their march forward, still less s
