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1、2016中考英语知识点梳理主谓一致讲解【考点直击】1. 语法一致的原则2. 意义一致的原则3. 邻近一致的原则【名师点睛】谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。1. 语法一致的原则(1)以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如:He goes to school early every morning.The children are playing outside.To work hard is necessary for a student.(2)由
2、and或bothand连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:Both he and I are right.Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.但并列主语如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。例如:His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.The poet and writer has come.(3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:In our country every boy and every gi
3、rl has the right to receive education.Each man and each woman is asked to help.(4)主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数。例如:The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.Nobody but two boys was late for class.Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.(5) 一些只有复数形式的名词,
4、如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。例如:A lot of people are dancing outside.The police are looking for lost boy.(6)由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数。例如:Is everybody ready?Somebody is using the phone.(7)有两部分构成的物体的名词,如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时,谓语动词用复
5、数。例如:Where are my shoes? I cant find them.Your trousers are dirty. Youd better change them.如果这类名词前用了a pair of等,则往往用作单数,谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如:Here are some new pairs of shoes.My new pair of socks is on the bed.2. 意义一致的原则(1)表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如:Twenty years is not a long time.Ten dollars is too dear.