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1、第二讲夹叙夹议文夹叙夹议文是近年来高考完形填空常见的一种体裁，这类体裁的文章一般具有哲理性，往往可以从一件看似平淡的小事中领悟出深刻的人生哲理，因此耐人寻味，可读性较强。在语言方面，这类体裁的文章既有记叙文的特点，同时又具有议论文的特点。在结构上，该文体采用“先叙后议”、“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”的写作模式，旨在在记叙的基础上，通过议论的手段，说明作者的态度、观点、思想和目的。1分析结构，抓住作者观点。在做题时大家要借助文章结构，认真体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的思路。2重视首句，把握文章主题。首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主
2、题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中心，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。3敘议兼顾，理解议论内涵。夹叙夹议中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。4抓住转换，理清逻辑关系。抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。文本示例(2018天津卷)No one is born a winner.People make themse
3、lves into winners by their own_16_.I learned this lesson from a(n)_17_many years ago.I took the head_18_job at a school in Baxley，Georgia.It was a small school with a weak football program.It was a tradition for the schools old team to play against the_19_team at the end of spring practice.The old t
4、eam had no coach，and they didnt even practice to_20_the game.Being the coach of the new team，I was excited because I knew we were going to win，but to my disappointment we were defeated.I couldnt_21_I had got into such a situation.Thinking hard about it，I came to_22_that my team might not be the numb
5、er one team in Georgia，but they were_23_me.I had to change my_24_about their ability and potential.I started doing anything I could to help them build a little_25_.Most important，I began to treat them like_26_.That summer，when the other teams enjoyed their_27_，we met every day and _28_passing and ki
6、cking the football.Six months after suffering our _29_on the spring practice field，we won our first game and our second，and continued to _30_.Finally，we faced the number one team in the state.I felt that it would be a _31_for us even if we lost the game.But that wasnt what happened.My boys beat the
7、best team in Georgia，giving me one of the greatest_32_of my life！From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can_33_the members of a team.Instead of seeing my boys as losers，I pushed and _34_them.I helped them to see themselves_35_，and they built themselves into winners.
8、Winners are made，not born.16.A.luckBtestsC.efforts Dnature17.A.experiment BexperienceC.visit Dshow18.A.operating BeditingC.consulting Dcoaching19.A.successful BexcellentC.strong Dnew20.A.cheer for Bprepare forC.help with Dfinish with21.A.believe BagreeC.describe Dregret22.A.realize BclaimC.permit Dd
9、emand23.A.reacting to Blooking forC.depending on Dcaring about24.A.decision BattitudeC.conclusion Dintention25.A.pride BcultureC.fortune Drelationship26.A.leaders BpartnersC.winners Dlearners27.A.rewards BvacationsC.health Dhonor28.A.risked BmissedC.considered Dpracticed29.A.defeat BdeclineC.acciden
10、t Dmistake30.A.relax BimproveC.expand Ddefend31.A.shame BburdenC.victory Dfavor32.A.chances BthrillsC.concerns Doffers33.A.surprise BserveC.interest Daffect34.A.encouraged BobservedC.protected Dimpressed35.A.honestly BindividuallyC.calmly Ddifferently考场思维第一步通全文抓主题理逻辑这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者执教的校足球队输掉了比赛，但是作者没有
11、气馁，而是给球员勇气和信心，终于球队获得了令人骄傲的成绩。作者也由此意识到，胜利者不是天生的，他们是靠自己的努力来获得成功的。段意梳理第一段：点明主题，即人们靠自己的努力才能成为胜利者。第二段：作者的以上结论源于他多年前执教一所小学校的足球队的经历。第三段：春季训练比赛中，在对手没有教练、没有备战的情况下，作者的球队却输了。第四段：作者尽一切努力让球员有信心和自尊心，并加紧训练。第五段：半年后作者的球队迎来第一场胜利，从此所向披靡，打败了全州最好的足球队。第六段：作者的感悟，即领导者的态度对队员的影响很大。第七段：回归主题，即胜利者是后天努力造就的。第二步品语境析选项定答案语境取词上文顺承16
12、.联系上句No one is born a winner.(没有人天生是胜利者)知，人们成为胜利者靠的是自己的努力(efforts)。故选C。21.上文提到I was excited because I knew we were going to win(我很兴奋，因为我知道我们将会赢)，但最后“我们”队输了比赛，这个结果是作者不能接受的，因此他不相信(believe)。故选A。22.联系空前的Thinking hard about it(仔细考虑)知，此处意为“我逐渐意识到(realize)”。故选A。25.联系空前的I started doing anything I could to h
13、elp them build a little(我开始做力所能及的一切来帮助他们建立一些)知，空格处应是一个褒义词，自豪感符合文意。故选A。26.联系上文的winners(胜利者)和倒数第二段中的losers(失败者)知，“我”开始把他们当胜利者(winner)对待。故选C。30.联系空前的won our first game and our second(赢了我们第一场比赛、我们第二场比赛)知，“我们”继续提高(improve)。故选B。32.联系空前的My boys beat the best team(我的队员打败了最好的队)知，这是“我”生命中最令人激动的事(thrill)之一。故选B
14、。33.联系上文“我的队员踢得很好，打败了最好的队”知，“我”态度的改变影响了(affect)队员。故选D。34.联系空前的pushed(催促)知，空格处是指“鼓励(encourage)他们”。故选A。35.联系上句中的instead of seeing my boys as losers以及上文的treat them like winners知，此处是指“我帮他们用不同的方式(differently)看待自己”。故选D。语境领悟下文关键17.联系倒数第二段中的from the experience知，从很多年前的一次经历(experience)中“我”明白了这个道理。故选B。18.联系下一段
15、中的Being the coach of the new team(作为新队的教练)知，“我”承担训练(coach)任务。故选D。24.联系下段中“我”改变自己的做法以及倒数第二段中提到的the attitude(态度)知，空格处是指“我”改变了对他们的态度(attitude)。故选B。27.联系空后的we met every day(我们天天见面)和passing and kicking the football(传球和踢球)知，其他的队在享受假期(vacation)时“我们”在训练。故选B。28.联系空后的passing and kicking the football(传球和踢球)知，是在训练(practice)。故选D。31.联系空后的even if we lost the game(即使我们输了比赛)知，空格处指“与强队对决本身就是一个胜利(victory)”。故选C。篇章逻辑上下呼应19.联系空前的old team和下文的Being the coach of the n
