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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上原文The research of haze governance issuesMarkus HAbstractHaze is PM2.5 particles floating in the atmosphere such as dust, aerosol particles, in certain humidity, temperature and other weather conditions have relatively stable state of the weather phenomenon. Fog disaster, is the result o
2、f air pollution for a long time. How to control air pollution is one of the urgent problems facing mankind. Haze weather mainly is the development pattern, caused by the unreasonable industrial structure and energy structure, its roots in the fossil energy, also is a coal burning, one is the fuel, a
3、nother way is more extensive, a large amount of pollutant discharge, the main reasons include the atmospheric air pressure is low. The ground dust, which is low humidity of the air, the ground and car flow make stir up dust. Automobile exhaust is haze is a factor, as well as the factory produce seco
4、ndary pollution, etc. This paper mainly studies the typical haze literature is reviewed, mainly analyzes the cause of the haze and fog governance countermeasures and Suggestions. And from the Angle of theoretical analysis, draw lessons from the intermediate microeconomic theory, gives the utility ma
5、ximization to maximize the net income and social levels of smog pollution. Finally, pointed out the direction of further research, the root cause of the haze in the future the main empirical research is prospected.Keywords: Haze; Literature review; Control measures; Experience1 IntroductionStudies h
6、ave shown that recent strong fog weather is atmospheric stability, man-made pollutants, together with the abundant water vapor and dust, is a natural factors and human factors combined action of environmental pollution event. Because of air flow and the location of the adjacent, fog inevitable penet
7、ration, diffusion, etc., no country, which city can escape in the fog haze covered large area. All over the world have taken place in different levels of smog event, such a beautiful environment of the country, including Singapore there were different degrees of haze weather, other are Malaysia, Ind
8、ia and other countries, has caused extensive concern of the people all over the world. In todays increasingly social and economic development, people pay more and more attention to the surrounding environment. Environment not only affects the future development of the foundation, also affects people
9、s health. Not assured labor health, human resources required for further economic development becomes madras reflected. In meteorology, due to a large number of tiny drops of water floating in the air, make the horizontal visibility is less than 1. 0 km is called fog; Due to the small dry dust parti
10、cles floating in the air, make the horizontal visibility less than 10. 0 km called haze, sometimes called gray haze. A mixture of both is called smog. And our main object of governance is haze, fog and some relatively minor. In spite of the fog day also affect the safety of people travel, but compar
11、ed with haze caused by environmental problems will soon be much less. 2 Literature review Through the study of resource and environmental economics as we know, command type governance mechanism is often low efficiency. Just use command control such highly regulative tools, not well play the role of
12、reducing smog. Thailands case study is pointed out that the failure mode of one size fits all is not considering the regional heterogeneity, complexity and burning ash motivations behind, so the author suggests the experiences of the local case study should be extended to planning and policy process
13、, strengthen the autonomy of local government, strengthen inter-regional cooperation. British scholars conducted more detailed research, analysis of the composition problem of ash haze, the haze formation mechanism have a more clear understanding. They think the ash haze weather than the ash haze we
14、ather, the particle concentration increases; the amount of water soluble inorganic ions in the particulate matter also increases. To study the water soluble components of air particulates can understand the crucial factor for the formation of urban haze. In the process of case analysis in cities, th
15、ey think that plays a main role in the process of particulate matter is the automobile exhaust emissions .Through the study of particulate matter, 11 different diameter range is grey haze and the ash haze days, the range of particles in the water soluble inorganic analysis which inorganic on most af
16、fected by the formation of haze. They also corrected the previous definition of haze, only pay attention to the visibility of the past, do not emphasize the humidity, the humidity have important influence on the formation and continuation of haze. Gray haze is visibility less than 10 km and humidity less than 90% of the weather. The results of the empirical analysis: gray haze days PM1. 8 / PM10 is very high, the value of the correlation is mainly due to the coars
