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1、2022年考博英语-南京艺术学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 翻译题Put the following two passages into Chinese.Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorptions in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends w
2、ho are dead. Ones thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy; ones own past is a gradually increasing weight. It is easy to think to oneself that ones emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and ones mind more keen.
3、 If this is true it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true.My favorite quotation is the sentence above, written by Disraeli. It has helped me through many a painful experience. Often we allow ourselves to be upset small things we should despise and forget. Perhaps s
4、ome man we helped has proved ungrateful .some woman we believed to be a friend has spoken ill of us.some reward we thought we deserved has been denied us. We feel such earth disappointment so strongly that we can no longer work or sleep. But, isnt that absurd? Here we are on this earth, with only a
5、few more decades to live, and we lose many irreplaceable hours brooding over grievances that, in a years time, will be forgotten by us and by everybody. No, let us devote our life to worthwhile actions and feelings, to great thoughts, real affections and enduring undertakings. For life is too short
6、to be little.【答案】从心理上讲，人到老年有两种危险需要防范。一种是对过去的过度吸收。不能活在回忆中，活在对过去美好时光的悔恨中，活在对死去的朋友的悲伤中。人的思想必须指向未来，指向未来需要完成的事情。这并不总是容易的。一个人的过去是一份不断加重的负担，人们容易认为自己过去的情感比现在强烈，过去的头脑比现在敏锐。如果这是真的，就应该忘记它；如果它能被忘掉，那么它将不是事实。我最喜欢的引语就是上面这句由迪斯雷利写的话。它帮助我度过了许多痛苦的经历。我们通常让自己为一些我们本应不屑一顾，抛诸脑后的小事苦恼。可能是我们帮助过的某人忘恩负义那些我们以为是朋友的某女士在背后诋毁我们没能得到我
7、们自认为应得的奖赏。我们对这些事情感到极度失望，以至于难以工作和睡觉。但是，这不是很荒唐吗？我们在这个地球上，只有几十年生命，可是却浪费了许多一去不复返的时间去沉思那些在一年之内自己与别人都会忘怀的冤屈。不！让我们把生命奉献给有价值的行为和感情，奉献给伟大的思想、真正的情感和不朽的事业。因为生命太短，不能被琐事耽误。2. 单选题Television is one of todays most powerful and widespread means of mass communication. It directly influences our lives on both a short
8、and long term basis; it brings worldwide situations into our homes; it affords extensive opportunities for acquiring higher education; and it performs these tasks in a convenient yet effective manner. We are all aware of the popularly accepted applications of television, particularly those relative
9、to entertainment and news broadcasting.Television, however, has also been a vital link in unmanned deep space exploration (such as the Voyager I and II missions) in providing visions from hazardous areas (such as proximity to radioactive materials or environments) in underwater research, in viewing
10、storms moving across a metropolitan area (the camera being placed in a weather protective enclosure near the top of a tower), etc. The earths weather satellites also use television cameras for viewing cloud cover and movements from 20.000 miles in space. Infrared filters are used for night views, an
11、d several systems include a spinning mirror arrangement to permit wide area views from the camera. Realizing the unlimited applications for todays television, one may thus logically ponder the true benefits of confining most of our video activities to the mass entertainment field.Conventional televi
12、sion broadcasting within the United States centers around free enterprise and public ownership. This requires funding by commercial sponsors, and thus functions in a revenue producing business manner. Television in USSR subjected areas, conversely, is a government owned and maintained arrangement. W
13、hile such arrangements eliminate the need for commercial sponsorship, it also has the possibility of limiting the type of programs available to viewers (a number of purely entertainment programs similar to the classic “Bewitched”, however, have been seen on these government controlled networks. All
14、isnt as gray and dismal as the uninformed might unnecessarily visualize).A highly modified form of television called Slow Scan TV is presently being used by many Amateur Radio operators to provide direct visual communications with almost any area of the world. This unique visual mode recently allowe
15、d people on the tiny South Pacific country of Pitcairn Island to view, for the first time in their lives, distant areas, and people of the world. The chief radio Amateur and communications officer of Pitcairn, incidentally, is the legendary Tom Christian great, great grandson of Tom Christian of “Mu
16、tiny on the Bounty” fame. Radio Amateurs in many lands worked together for several months establishing visual capabilities for Pitcairners. The results have proven spectacular, yet the visual capabilities have only been used for health education or welfare purposes. Commercial TV is still unknown to natives of that tiny country. Numerous other forms of television and visual communication have also been used on semi restricted basis. This
