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1、2022年考博英语-黑龙江大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Before the interview, each candidate had to have a（ ）medical examination.问题1选项A.porousB.vigorousC.thesaurusD.rigorous【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。porous“能渗透的，有气孔的”；vigorous“精力充沛的”；thesaurus“宝库，辞典”；rigorous“严格的，严厉的”。句意：在面试之前，每个候选人都必须进行严格的体检。D项符合题意。2. 单选题Every possible means（
2、 ）tried, but there is no result.问题1选项A.have beenB.has beenC.will beD.were【答案】B【解析】考查语法。主语为“every possible means”为单数，故谓语动词用单数。而且means与try之间为被动关系，故B项正确。句意：所有可行的办法都尝试了，但仍然没有用。3. 单选题Her husband is interested in designing electronic（ ）.问题1选项A.managementB.safetyC.devicesD.routine【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。management
3、“管理，经营”；safety“安全”；device“设备”；routine“例行公事，常规”。electronic devices“电子设备”。句意：她丈夫对设计电子设备感兴趣。故C项符合题意。4. 单选题They asked us to come to their party but we（ ）the invitation.问题1选项A.rejectedB.refusedC.declinedD.spurn【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。reject“拒绝，指断然拒绝接受某人，某物”；refuse“拒绝，回绝”；decline“拒绝，通常指有礼貌地婉拒”；spurn“藐视，唾弃”。句意：他们邀
4、请我们去参加他们的聚会，但是我们婉拒了。由题干语境可知拒绝参加聚会应该是婉言拒绝。故C项正确。5. 单选题He had the good fortune to（ ）with Prof. Wang for 3 years.问题1选项A.studyB.be studyingC.have studiedD.have been studying【答案】C【解析】考查语法。由时间状语“for 3 years”可知该句应该用完成时，故排除AB两项，学习与主语之间是主动的关系，故C项正确。句意：他有幸与王教授一起学习了3年。6. 单选题Most large companies prefer customiz
5、ed computer software because it can be molded to fit the way a company does business, （ ）off-the-shelf software often require the company to alter its procedures to fit the software.问题1选项A.whenB.sinceC.whereasD.because【答案】A【解析】考查连接词。when“当时候”；since“自从，既然”；whereas“然而，反而”；because“因为”。句意：在流行软件通常要求公司改变程
6、序以适应软件的时候，大多数公司更喜欢定制软件，因为它可以被调整以适应公司的业务方式。前后句没有构成逻辑关系，故A项正确。7. 单选题After he was _ from the army, he had intended to return to the world of teaching.问题1选项A.dischargedB.enrolledC.awardedD.promoted【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. discharged 准许（某人）离开；释放 B. enrolled 登记；使加入C. awarded 授予；判定 D. promoted 促进；宣传；促销【考查点】动词辨析。【
7、解题思路】空格前用after连接表示从军队之后。后半句意思为他曾想回到教学界。根据句子逻辑，应该是在离开军队后，想要回到教书世界。用discharge的被动形式，表示被允许从军队离开。因此选A. discharged 准许（某人）离开；释放。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】退伍后，他曾打算回到教学界。8. 单选题If you had done it as you（ ）,you would have succeeded.问题1选项A.were toldB.would be toldC.had been toldD.were told to【答案】D【解析】考
8、查语法。原句应为“as you were told to (do)”前半句出现了同样的动词，后半句可以省略to do中的do，但to不能省。故D项正确。句意：如果按照别人告诉你的那样做的话，你早就成功了。9. 单选题At 18, Ashanthi DeSilva of suburban Cleveland is a living symbol of one of the great intellectual achievements of the 20th century. Born with an extremely rare and usually fatal disorder that
9、left her without a functioning immune system (the “bubble-boy disease”, named after an earlier victim who was kept alive for rears in a sterile plastic tent )，she was treated beginning in 1990 with a revolutionary new therapy that sought to correct the defect at its very source, in the genes of her
10、white blood cells. It worked. Although her last gene-therapy treatment was in 1992, she is completely healthy with normal immune function, according to one of the doctors who treated her, W. French Anderson of the University of Southern California. Researchers have long dreamed of treating diseases
11、from hemophilia to cancer by replacing mutant genes with normal ones. And the dreaming may continue for decades more. “There will be a gene-based treatment for essentially every disease,” Anderson says, “within 50 years.”Its not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Andersons earl
12、y success. The National Institutes of Health budget office estimates it will spend $432 million on gene-therapy research in 2005, and there is no shortage of promising leads. The therapeutic genes are usually delivered through viruses that dont cause human disease. “The virus is sort of like a Troja
13、n house.” says Ronald Crystal of New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical College. “The carnage is the gene.”At the University of Pennsylvanias Abramson Cancer Center Carl June recently treated HIV patients with a gene intended to help their cells resist the infection. At Cornell University, rese
14、archers are pursuing gene-based therapies for Parkinsons disease and a rare hereditary disorder that destroys childrens brain cells. At Stanford University and the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, researchers are trying to figure out how to help patients with hemophilia who today must inject them
15、selves with expensive dotting drags for life. Animal experiments have shown great promise.But somehow, things get lost in the translation from laboratory to human trials of the hemophilia treatment, patients show a response at first, but it fades over time. And the field has still not recovered from the setback it suffered in 1999, when Jesse Gelsinger, an 18-year-old with a rare metabolic disorder, died after receiving an exp
