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1、2022年考博英语-西北工业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and（ ）knowledge.问题1选项A.extensiveB.expansiveC.intensiveD.expensive【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。extensive “广泛的，大量的”；expansive “广阔的”； intensive“密集的，加强的”；expensive“昂贵的”。句意：一个合格的老师要有良好的修养和广博的知识，这是非常重要的。选项A符合题意
2、。2. 单选题The government lacked money because of biting oil（ ）.问题1选项A.pricesB.stationsC.buildingsD.revenues【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。price “价格；价值”；station “车站；驻地；地位”；building “建筑；建筑物”；revenue “税收，税收收入”。句意：政府因为棘手的石油收入而缺钱。选项D符合题意。3. 单选题Mr. Jenkins drove along at his usual high speed（ ）for police cars in his mirr
3、or from time to time to make sure he was safe.问题1选项A.pulling outB.running throughC.going aheadD.watching out【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。pull out “离开；撤离；拔出”；run through “跑着穿过；浏览；挥霍”；go ahead “前进；进行”；watch out “小心；提防”。句意：詹金森先生以自己平时的高速开车，时不时从后视镜提防警察，确保自己是安全的。选项D符合题意。4. 单选题The vast majority of people in any given c
4、ulture will（ ）to the established standards of that culture.问题1选项A.confineB.conformC.confrontD.confirm【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。confine “限制；禁闭”；conform “符合；遵守；适应环境（后面一般跟介词to）”；confront “面对；遭遇；比较（为及物动词）”；confirm “确认；证实；批准（及物动词）。句意：特定文化下的绝大部分人会遵守那种文化已建立的标准。选项B符合题意。5. 单选题They make better use of the time they ha
5、ve, and they are less likely to succumb to fatigue in stressful jobs.问题1选项A.sustainB.yieldC.endureD.expose【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们更好地利用时间，并且在有压力的工作中也不会疲劳。sustain “维持（生命、生存）”；yield “屈服，投降”；endure “忍耐”；expose “揭露”。根据“fatigue in stressful jobs”可以推测划线单词的意思是“屈服”，选项B符合题意。6. 单选题A virtual anchorite, he（ ）to
6、his self-sufficiency.问题1选项A.adheresB.confirmsC.conformsD.admonishes【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。adhere “坚持；依附”，为不及物动词，一般与to构成adhere to “坚持；粘附”；confirm “确认；证实”，为及物动词；conform “使遵守；使一致”。句意：作为隐士的他坚持自给自足。选项A符合题意。7. 单选题You should have your eyes examined（ ）to be sure of your eyesight.问题1选项A.periodicallyB.persistently
7、C.continuouslyD.continually【答案】A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。periodically “定期地；周期性地；偶尔”；persistently “坚持地；固执地”；continuously “连续不断地”；continually “不断地；频繁地”。句意：为了确保你的视力，你应该定期检查眼睛。选项A符合题意。8. 单选题Scientific integrity is as much a matter of self-interest as it is of（ ）.问题1选项A.self-esteemB.self-deceivingC.selfishnessD.self
8、-improvement【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。self-esteem “自尊；自负；自大”；self-deceiving “自欺的”；selfishness “自私自利”；self-improvement “自我改善；自我修养”。句意：科学诚信有关尊严，更是与自身利益有关的事情。选项A符合题意。9. 单选题Much（ ） I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her in thoroughness, whatever the job.问题1选项A.whenB.moreC.fartherD.as【答案】D【解析】考查倒
9、装结构。这是由as引导的让步状语从句结构，需要倒装，但不是主谓倒装而是将被强调的内容放在句首，选项D符合题意。10. 单选题As a general rule, Dad is generous, but as a merchant, he usually drives a hard（ ）.问题1选项A.bargainB.dealC.transactionD.negotiation【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。drive a hard bargain“讨价还价” 。句意：一般来说，父亲是慷慨的，但是作为一个商人，他通常会讨价还价。选项A符合题意。11. 单选题Cosmic rays of va
10、rious kinds come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are（ ）off.问题1选项A.avoidedB.excludedC.screenedD.separated【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。avoid “避免，避开”；exclude “排除，不包括”；screen “筛，拍摄，放映”；separate “分开，隔开”。句意：不同种类的宇宙线从外太空穿透空气，但是大量的太阳辐射都被阻挡了。选项C符合题意。12. 单选题By advocati
11、ng moderate change, they think that they can keep consumer costs low.问题1选项A.reasonableB.radicalC.immediateD.minimum【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过提倡改变，他们认为可以保持消费者的低成本状态。reasonable “合理的，明智的”；radical “根本的，彻底的”；immediate “立即的”；minimum “最低的”。根据后面的“消费者的低成本状态”可知前面的改变是“适度的”，即划线单词的意思是“适度的；合理的”。因此选项A符合题意。13. 单选题He
12、never exerts himself to aid those trying to（ ）a difficult situation.问题1选项A.rectifyB.modifyC.solidifyD.verify【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。rectify “改正”；modify “修改；更改”; solidify “团结；凝固”；verify “核实；查证”。句意：他从不帮助那些试图矫正困境的人。选项A符合题意。14. 单选题His（ ） and unwillingness to learn from others prevent him from being an effecti
13、ve member of the team.问题1选项A.arroganceB.dignityC.humilityD.solitude【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。arrogance “自负；傲慢态度”；dignity “尊严；高贵”；humility “谦卑；谦逊”；solitude “孤独；隐居；荒僻的地方”。句意：他很傲慢，并且不愿意向他人学习，这使得他无法成为团队中的一员。选项A符合题意。15. 单选题A weather map is an important tool for geographers. A succession of three or four maps pre
14、sents a continuous picture of weather changes. Weather forecasters are able to determine the speed of air masses and fronts; to determine whether an individual pressure area is deepening or becoming shallow and whether a front is increasing or decreasing in intensity. They are also able to determine whether an air mass is retaining its original characteristics or taking on those of the surface over which it is moving. Thus, a most significant function of th
