《2022年考博英语-中国艺术研究院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第12期》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-中国艺术研究院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第12期（25页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2022年考博英语-中国艺术研究院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Water problems in the future will become more intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decease substantially the amount of water availabl
2、e for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce large volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This
3、will involve ever-increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. From this, it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relates to the treatment of
4、 wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes “prior to” disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents, to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part
5、of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Effluents from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many indust
6、ries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential economic uses for waste products.1. The purpose of this passage is（ ）.2. Which of the following points is NOT INCLUDED in the passage?3. The rea
7、der can conclude that（ ）.4. The author gives substance to the passage through the use of（ ）.5. The words “prior to” (para. 2) probably mean（ ）.问题1选项A.to alert the reader to the dwindling water supplyB.to explain industrial uses of waterC.to acquaint the reader with water pollution problemsD.to demon
8、strate various measures to solve the pollution problem问题2选项A.Industrial development includes the simplification of complex chemical processes.B.Diluting wastes needs certain amount of water.C.Demands for water will go up along with the expanding population.D.Intensive cultivation of land requires mo
9、re and more chemicals.问题3选项A.countries of the world will work together on pollution problemsB.byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplaceC.science is making great progress on increasing water suppliesD.some industries are now making economic use of wastes问题4选项A.interviews with autho
10、rities in the field of water controlsB.opinions and personal observationsC.definitions which clarify important termsD.strong arguments and persuasions问题5选项A.afterB.duringC.beforeD.beyond【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。原文第一段首先指出未来的水问题将变得更加严重和复杂，尤其是污水问题。接下来在二三段主要讲解决污水问题的方法。所以本文主要的目的是为了让人们了解污水
11、问题，选项C正确。2.细节事实题。根据第一段第二、三句“Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes. 我们不断增长的人口将极大地增加城市垃圾，主要是污水。另一方面，对水的需求增加将大大减少可用来稀释废物的水量。”可知选项B
12、和选项C均有涉及；根据第一段倒数第二句“This will involve ever-increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. 这将涉及越来越多的农用化学品。”可知选项D有涉及。根据第一段第四句“Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes 快速发展的工业涉及越来越复杂的化学过程”，并没有说工业发展包括简化复杂的化学过程，所以选项A与原文表述不符。3.判断推理题。根据最后一段最后两句“Many industries,
13、such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential economic uses for waste products. 许多行业，如肉类和家禽加工厂，目前正在将以前的废物转化为可销售的副产品。其他行业是废物的潜在经济用途。”也就是说，一些行业现在正在经济地利用废物，选项D符合原文。4.判断推理题。从全文来看，作者只是在表达个人的观点以及陈述个人观察的
14、结果：介绍水污染及其解决办法，所以选项B正确。5.词义推断题。根据句意可知，“the processing of solid wastes”应该是在“disposal ”之前，所以“prior to”意为“之前”，选项C正确。2. 单选题It is an astonishing fact that there are laws of nature, rules that summarize conveniently（1） qualitatively but quantitativelyhow the world works. We might（2）a universe in which the
15、re are no such laws, in which the 1080 elementary particles that（3）a universe like our own behave with utter and uncompromising abandon. To understand such a universe we would need a brain（4）as massive as the universe. It seems（5）that such a universe could have life and intelligence, because being a
16、nd brains（6）some degree of internal stability and order. But（7）in a much more random universe there were such beings with an intelligence much（8）than our own, there could not be much knowledge, passion or joy.（9）for us, we live in a universe that has at least important parts that are knowable. Our common-sense experie
