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1、2022年考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题An anonymous letter _ police to the possibility of a terrorist attack at the airport.问题1选项A.imposedB.alertedC.warnedD.informed【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. imposed 使（别人）接受自己的意见 B. alerted 向报警，使警惕，使戒备（警告某人危险或紧急情况）C. warned 提醒注意（可能发生的事），使警惕（以便于避免某事，尤指可能发生的危险或不愉快的事情） D.
2、informed 知会，通知（尤指以官方的方式告诉某人某事）【答案】B【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】横线处和police构成动宾搭配关系，指的是有人匿名向警察报警，说可能会有人袭击机场，alerted符合语境，因此B选项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合语境。【句意】一封匿名信提醒警方注意机场可能会发生恐怖袭击。2. 填空题In the 8th century gigaku fell into disfavor because its frivolous (愚蠢的) character _ the Japanese rulers of the period. (please)【答案】d
3、ispleased【解析】【考查点】动词。【解题思路】because引导原因状语从句，横线处为谓语动词。根据时间8th century，可知句子时态为一般过去时。这里指的是伎乐愚蠢可笑的特点让统治者_，因此伎乐不受欢迎，displease的意思为“使恼怒，使生气，使不悦”，符合语境，其过去式为displeased。【句意】在8世纪，伎乐因其愚蠢可笑的特点，当时的日本统治者听了不悦，因此不受欢迎。3. 填空题Tomatoes, when they were first introduced, were considered either magical or harmful, depending
4、 on which school of thought you listened. Even within living memory, there was a time when vegetables were considered harmful unless A B C Dcooked for long. 【答案】B listened改为listened to【解析】【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】listened to意思为“听从”，为固定搭配，这里指的是认为西红柿是怎样的，就看听从对西红柿的哪一种描述。【句意】西红柿刚被引进时，人们认为它很神奇或者有害，这取决于你听的是哪个学派的观点
5、。即使在现在，人们也有一段时间认为蔬菜没有经过长时间的烹饪就是有害的。4. 填空题When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Men are very clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of clothes reflect basic qualities of A B C Dstability and reliab
6、ility?【答案】C very clever改为too clever【解析】【考查点】固定句型。【解题思路】too.to是固定句型，意思为“太而不能”，指的是男性非常聪明，不会让自己被服装设计师欺骗，因此C部分应为too clever。【句意】如果对比男性和女性对于时尚的看法，得出的结论显而易见。男性很聪明，不会让自己被时装设计师欺骗。他们不变的服装款式是否反映了稳定可靠的基本品质呢？5. 单选题Protein synthesis begins when the gene encoding a protein is activated. The genes sequence of nucle
7、otides is transcribed into a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA), which reproduces the information contained in that sequence. Transported outside the nucleus to the cytoplasm, the mRNA is translated into the protein it encodes by an organelle known as a ribosome, which strings together amino acids in
8、the order specified by the sequence of elements in the mRNA molecule. Since the amount of mRNA in a cell determines the amount of the corresponding protein, factors affecting the abundance of mRNAs play a major part in the normal functioning of a cell by appropriately regulating protein synthesis. F
9、or example, an excess of certain proteins can cause cells to proliferate abnormally and become cancerous; a lack of the protein insulin results in diabetes.Biologists once assumed that the variable rates at which cells synthesize different mRNAs determines the quantities of mRNAs and their correspon
10、ding proteins in a cell. However, recent investigations have shown that the concentrations of most mRNAs correlate best, not with their synthesis rate, but rather with the equally variable rates at which cells degrade the different mRNAs in their cytoplasm. If a cell degrades both a rapidly and a sl
11、owly synthesized mRNA slowly, both mRNAs will accumulate to high levels.An important example of this phenomenon is the development of red blood cells from their unspecialized parent cells in bone marrow. For red blood cells to accumulate sufficient concentrations of hemoglobin (which transports oxyg
12、en) to carry out their main function, the cells parent cells must simultaneously produce more of the constituent proteins of hemoglobin and less of most other proteins. To do this, the parent cells halt synthesis of non-hemoglobin mRNAs in the nucleus and rapidly degrade copies of the non-hemoglobin
13、 mRNAs remaining in the cytoplasm. Halting synthesis of mRNA alone would not affect the quantities of proteins synthesized by the mRNAs still existing in the cytoplasm. Biologists now believe that most cells can regulate protein production most efficiently by varying both mRNA synthesis and degradation, as developing red cells do, rather than by just varying one or the other.1. The passage is primarily concerned with discussing the _.2. According to the passage, which of the following can happen when, protein is not appropriately regu
