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1、兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）摘要随着电力系统的发展， 电力系统中如电动机、变压器等电气设备明显增多，其产生的无功功率也是越来越多，无功功率对电网产生的影响也日益显现出来。本文分析了无功功率的产生机理和无功功率对电力系统造成的不利影响。 无功功率对电网有着很大的影响， 如增大输电线路中的电流， 造成电能损失； 电网节点电压偏移，使系统稳定度下降，同时还可能造成电气设备运行效率下降或使用寿命缩短等。同时，按照无功补偿技术的发展历程分析、比较了传统无功补偿装置和现代无功补偿装置， 传统无功补偿装置包括电容器补偿装置和电抗器补偿装置， 现代无功补偿装置有饱和电抗器、晶闸管控制电抗器、晶闸管投切电容器和
2、晶闸管控制变压器等，最终得出了适合不同补偿场合使用的补偿装置。同时，本文还分析、比较了各种无功补偿方式，主要有变电所集中补偿方式、低压集中补偿方式、杆上补偿方式、用户终端分散补偿方式等， 最终确定了适用于不同供配电网络的补偿方式。 通过分析某一配电网实例， 选择恰当的无功补偿装置和合适的无功补偿方式对其进行无功补偿，并对无功补偿结果进行评价。关键词：无功功率；无功补偿；无功补装置；无功补偿方式- I -兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）AbstractWith the development of power system, more and more electrical equipments s
3、uch as motors, transformers come into power system, reactive power is increasing dramatically, the impact of reactive power is alsoincreasing.The mechanism of where the reactive power comesfrom is analyzed in this thesis , as well as the harmful impact it makesto power system. Reactive power in powe
4、r system hasa great impact on power system such as increasing the amplitude of current in circuit, which make a contribution to energy losses,changing the voltage of a node, decreasingthe stability of power system, andlowing the operational efficiency of an electrical equipment or shorting the servi
5、ce life of an electrical equipment. Traditional reactive power compensation devices such as capacitors and reactors and modern reactive power compensation devices such as saturated reactors, thyristor controlled reactors, thyristor switched capacitors and thyristor controlled transformers are analyz
6、ed and compared according to the development of the technology of reactive power compensation,and it comesout the conclusion that which kind of reactivepower compensationdevicesto be usedin a specific situation. At the sametime, it also analyzes and compares different kinds of methods of reactive po
7、wer compensation, including centralized compensate in substations, centralized compensate in distribution substations,reactive power compensationon poles, and compensationat the users terminals, and finally finds out the best methodof reactive power compensationin a specific distribution network. By
8、 analyzing a distribution network example, select the appropriate reactive power compensation device and reactive power compensation method to make a reactive power compensation, and then give a conclusion according to the result of reactive power compensation.Key words ： Reactive power ，Reactive po
9、wer compensation ，Reactive power compensation device，Reactive power compensation method- II -兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）目录摘要.IAbstract.II1 绪论 .11.1课题背景与意义 .11.2课题研究现状 .11.3本课题的研究内容与目标 .32 无功功率及无功补偿 .42.1无功功率 .42.2无功补偿的原理、意义及技术要求.53 无功补偿装置.83.1传统无功补偿装置的分析与选择 .83.1.1电容器补偿装置 .83.1.2电抗器补偿装置 .123.1.3同步调相机 .143.2现代无功补偿装置的分析与选择 .153.2.1饱和电抗器型补偿装置 .153.2.2静态无功补偿装置 .193.2.3复合型无功补偿装置 .273.2.4静止无功功率发生器 .333.
