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1、 （外研版）初中英语笔记初二 （下）Module 1 Hobbies1. 基本句型： 主语+系动词+表语（+状语） Tom is very happy today. 主语+谓语（不及物动词）（+状语） The first book came out in 2003. 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语（+状语） He wrote a book in senior high school. 主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语（+状语） His hobby has brought him enjoyment. 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语（+状语） I didnt want you
2、to work too hard. there be+主语+状语 There is a very nice cup on the table. There are many story books in his schoolbag. 一般来说，置于句首的多是时间、条件和原因状语，置于谓语部分之后的是地点、方式、原因、目的、时间和伴随成分。2. tidy up “整理；收拾”。当宾语是代词时，要放在tidy和up中间；当宾语是名词时，既可放在中间，也可放在其后。如： Your room is untidy. Can you tidy it up? The students tidied up t
3、he classroom. （类似的还有turn on, turn off, put on, write down等动词+副词形式）3. listen to sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事。 I often listen to him play the violin. (类似于see, hear等后面可以接不带to的动词不定式)4. 当play后面接表示乐器的名词时，需要在该名词前加上定冠词the; 如：play the piano, play the flute（笛子） 当play后面接表示球类的名词时，该名词前不接任何冠词。 如：play basketball, play foot
4、ball5. as well as “也；还；并且” A as well as B （强调A而不是B），如： She is clever as well as pretty. We all want to visit Beijing as well as Shanghai.6. come out “出版；出现；（秘密等）传出；结果是”7. as a result “结果”，相当于so,前者用逗号隔开，后者反之。 He had some bad meat. As a result, he felt ill. as a result of “因为”8. collect v.收集； collecto
5、r n.收集者 have a collection of “收集” 如：I have a collect of dolls.9. take up 占用（时间、空间） The job takes up all my time. The big desk takes up too much space.10. at the end of 在末尾11. sth. +happen+时间/地点 “某时（某地）发生了某事 The story happened in Beijing in 2008. sth. happen to sb. “某人出了某事（常指不好的）” A car accident happ
6、ened to her this morning. sb. happen to do sth. 或It happens/happens that某人碰巧做某事。 I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.Module 2 Friendship1. 宾语从句（即放在动词后面作宾语的句子）： 宾语从句的三要素：引导词：that，if/whether，疑问词 语序：陈述语序（较特殊的如：He asked me what was the matter.） 时态：主句的时态是现在时，从句可用任意所需时态。如： Please t
7、ell us where he is. 主句的时态是过去式，从句要用相应的过去式。如： He told me that he was tired. 从句叙说普遍真理或客观规律时，则用一般现在时。如：The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.原句式宾语从句一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时(am,is,are+v.-ing)过去进行时（was,were+v.-ing）现在完成时(have/has+过去分词)过去完成时（had+过去分词）一般将来时（will+动词原形/am,is,are going to +v.)过去将来时(woul
8、d+动词原形/was,were going to +v.)that引导的宾语从句：（多数可省略） 谓语动词表肯定概念，接that引导的从句的谓语动词不可有疑问的含义，多是表示观点、看法、意念、要求等方面概念的词，如：believe, feel, hear, hope, expect, explain, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, wish, warn等。Betty thinks (that) trees improve the air. I hope that it will be snow this
9、winter. whether/if引导的宾语从句： 原句式为一般疑问句时就用whether/if“是否”，常表达不确定概念。如： He asks whether/if we will go fishing on Sunday. whether与if一般可通用，但以下情况只用whether： 和or not连用： I dont know whether he will come or not. 动词不定式前： He didnt know whether to stay or not. 介词后: Im not interested in whether she will go shopping.
10、 宾语从句位于句首； 带有discuss（讨论）、decided（决定）、doubt（怀疑）等词。 疑问词引导的宾语从句：（who, when, where, what, why, how） 注：在疑问词引导的宾语从句中，一定要用陈述句语序。 He asks how we can help protect the environment. They havent decided where they should go for the holiday.2. a couple of“一些，几个”； They will be back in a couple of weeks. a couple
11、of作主语时，谓语动词用单数： There is a couple of boys waiting for you.3. day by day “一天比一天地；每天；日益”，指不断发生变化的。 He grew stronger day by day. day after day “一天天地”，指不断重复的。4. remember doing sth. 记得曾经做过某事。 I remember meeting her at a party once. remember to do sth. 记住要去做某事。 Remember to close the windows before you go
12、out.5. find+复合宾语 find+宾语+名词 The teacher finds the girl a good singer. find+宾语+形容词 I find English grammar very difficult. find+ it+宾语补足语+动词不定式 He found it very hard to answer the question. find +宾语+介词短语（或过去分词，现在分词） I found the cat under the bed.6. good luck with sth. good luck to sb. 7. by the way 顺便
13、说 in the way 挡路；妨碍 on ones way/ on the way 在路上8. worry about=be worried about “担心” Dont worry about me. I am not a child any moer.9. far away “遥远的”，在句中做表语、状语和后置定语。 (be) far away from 远离 The school far away from my home. faraway “遥远的”，可做名词的前置定语。 He lives in a faraway village.10. lonely “孤独的”，指心理感受；al
14、one独单；独自（无旁人） Im not lonely though I am alone.11. make friends with 与交朋友12. be close to 离近Module 3 on the radio1. to +v.与v.-ing作宾语： 一般来说，不定式表示将来的动作或行为，而v.-ing形式表示经常性的、一般性的动作或行为及正在进行的动作或行为。只接to+v.的只接v.-ing的接to或v.-ing的want, hope, wish, decide, expect, plan,agree, promiseenjoy, finish, mind,practice, keep onlike, love, begin, start, continue, hate.(以上意义差别不大) try, mean, remember,forget, stop(以上意义差别大)2. 答
