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1、实验一异步电机调速MATLAB仿真一、实验目的1. 掌握异步电机直接起动及串电阻降压起动的工作原理。2. 掌握异步电机调速 MATLAB 仿真技术。二、实验设备与仪器：PC电脑，Mat lab仿真软件。三、实验内容（1）异步电机直接起动直接起动是最简单的起动方式，起动时通过空开或接触器将电机直接接到电 网上。具有起动设备简单，起动速度快的优点, 而且起动转矩比采用降压起动时 大。在电网和负载两方面都允许全压直接起动的情况下，鼠笼式异步电动机仍以 直接起动为宜因为操纵控制方便，而且比较经济。其危害是电网冲击大。过大的起动电流，会造成电网压降，影响其他用电设 备的正常进行。还可能使欠压保护动作，造
2、成用电设备的有害跳闸。同时过大的 起动电流会使电机绕组发热，从而加速绝缘老化，影响电机寿命；机械冲击严重， 过大的冲击力矩容量造成电机转子笼条、端环断裂和定于端部绕组绝缘磨损，导 致绝缘击穿烧毁电机，转轴扭曲，联轴节、传动齿轮损伤和皮带撕裂等。（2）定子绕组串电阻降压起动定子回路串电阻能减小起动电流，使得电网承受的冲击电流减少，对改善电 网的稳定性是有利的。具有起动平稳，运行可靠，构造简单等优点。但是，定子 回路串电阻将增加起动损耗，浪费电能，只有在电动机的容量较小时才允许使用。本次实验使用MATLAB软件对三相异步电机直接起动及定子串电阻起动进 行仿真。四、实验步骤（1）异步电机直接起动实验
3、步骤运行MATLAB,启动SIMULINK只需在MATLAB的命令窗口键人“SIMULINK” 命令，此时出现一个SIMULINK窗口。这个窗口包含7个模块库，它们分别是信 号源模块库（sources）、输出模块库（Sinks）、离散模块库（Diserete）、线性模块库(Linear)、非线性模块库(Nonlinear)、连接与接口模块库(Connections)和扩展模块 库(Extrax)。Simulink Librasy Brow&erXFile Edit View Help叵生| Enter search termHIM LibrariesLibrary: SimulinkSearc
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7、按钮，给将要建立的模型起名，在后续的操作过程中随时注意保存，养成保护工作成果的良好习惯。找到“simpowerSystem工具箱，如下图所示。ft Simulink Library BrowseFile Edit View HelpR眇| Enter search termblLibrary: SimulinkSearch Re-sults: (none) | Most Frequently 7Model Predictive Control ToNeural Network ToolboxRF BlocksetRea kTime Worksh 叩Real-Time Workshop Embs
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10、ditions! Math& DiSCTEtE在“ simpowerSystem工具箱里找到所需要的模块I右击相应的块将他们添加到 Simulink 模型中。建立仿真模型如下图所示：各部件参数设置如下电源参数：异步电机参数Block Parameters: Asynchronous Machine SI UnitsX-Asynchronous Machine (mask) (link)Implements a three-phase asynchronous machine (wound rotor or squirrel cage) modeled in a selectable dq re
11、ference frame (rotor, stator, or synchronous). Stator and rotor windings are connecin wye to an internal neutral point.Configuration |Preset model:Mechanical input:Rotor type:Reference frame:Mask units:|SIOKCancelHelpApplybusSlector在“commonly used block之中，如下图所示Simulink Librar/ Brow ser- Disco ntinur
12、ties- Discrete- Logic and Bit Operations- Model VerificationGf-ou nd-Model-Wide Utilities- Ports & Subsystems- Sinks- Sources- User-Defin&d FunctionsAdditional Math &. DiscreteSaturation- Lookup Tables-Math Operations- Sign al Attributes-Signal RoutingControl System ToolboxFuzzy Logic TuolboxSimulin
13、k-Commonly Us&d Blocks- ContinuousAerospace BlocksetCommunications Blockset由.Image Acquisition ToolboxInstrue已nt Control ToolboxModel Predictive Control ToS-NeuraI NetworkToolboxRF BlocksetI nt ErrataIntErstc-rPrc-d u ctSubsystem选择所要测量的机械量和电量，如下图所示。EusSelectorThis block acceptw a bus as input which can be created from a Bus Creator, Bus Selector or a block that defines its output using a bus object. The left listboK shows the signals in the input bus. Use the Select button to select the output signals.
