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1、-2013届高三英语语法复习：动词的时态语态时态和语态是高考语法填空中的必考点，每年至少必考1题。终究考些什么容？现将考点简述如下：1. 时态。时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的。英语中常用的时态有16种，但高考考试说明中规定要掌握的有十种： 10种时态 构成(以do为例) 主要用法 一般现在时 do/does 经常性或习惯性动作，客观事实，现在的状态 一般过去时 did 在过去*个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态 一般将来时 will/shall do 在将来*一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态 过去将来时 would do
2、在过去*一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态 现在进展时 am/is/are doing 表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作 过去进展时 was/were doing 表示在过去*一时间正在进展的动作 将来进展时 will/shall be doing 表示将来*一时间正在进展的动作 现在完成时 have/has done 表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态 过去完成时 had done 表示在过去*一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动词，即“过去的过去 现在完成进展时 have/has been doing 表示一个从过去就开场一直延续到现在并
3、有可能继续下去的动作 注：(1)表示将来还有多种形式，如：“be going to +动词原形“be to+动词原形“ be about to+动词原形等。在飞机、火车等时刻表中规定的事情，或在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来；表示方案好的活动，还常用现在进展时表示。(2)现在进展时与always，continually，constantly等连用，表示说话人的*种情感，如赞扬，遗憾，讨厌或不满等。如：He is always helping others.他总是帮助别人。(赞扬)2. 语态。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的承受者为
4、被动语态。被动语态由“be+过去分词构成，不同时态的被动语态的形式由be来表达，如一般过去时的被动语态就是“was/were+过去分词，一般将来时的被动语态就是“will be +过去分词。l 解题技巧在高考英语语法填空中，一般有一空是考察谓语动词的时态，同时有一空是考察非谓语动词，因此，首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；假设是谓语动词，一是根据主语与谓语动词的关系判断用主动语态还是用被动语态，二是根据具体的语境来判断用哪一种时态，进而确定所填动词的形式。例1：This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their na
5、tural course. Being too an*ious to help an event develop often 40 (result) in the contrary to our intention. (2008)分析：因句中Being too an*ious to help an event develop是动名词短语作主语，括号中的result应当为谓语动词；主语与谓语动词是主动关系，再说短语动词result in本身是不能用于被动语态的，故用主动语态；根据语境，这段话是拔苗助长这个成语故事所说明的道理，“我们必须让事物沿着它们的自然进程开展。太着急帮助一件事物开展，结果往
6、往和我们的意图相反欲速则不达。这是客观真理，应当用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填results。例2：The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small bo* which _ (place) under the Ministers car. (2005)分析：替代the bo*的关系代词which在定语从句中作主语，place应当为谓语动词；因主语which (the bo*)与place (放置)是被动关系，故用被动语态；又因place这个动作发生在was caught这个动作之前，即“过去的过去，用过去完成时的被动语态，故
7、填had been placed。一、单句填空：用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.The house belongs to my aunt but she_ (not live) here any more. (全国I)2. This machine _ (not work). It hasnt worked for years. ()3. If their marketing plans succeed, they _ (increase) their sales by 20 percent. (全国)4. Population e*perts predict that most people
8、_(live) in cities in the near future. (春)5. He _(play) football regularly for many years when he was young. (*)6. - Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time- Yes, since she _(join) the Chinese Society. ()7. Teenagers _(damage) their health because they play puter games too much. ()8. I called Hnna
9、h many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ (talk) on the phone all the time! ()9. John promised his doctor he _ (not smoke), and he has smoked ever since. ()10. By this time tomorrow, I_ (lie) on the beach11. So far this year we _ (see) a fall in house prices by between
10、 5 and 10 percent. ()12. The hotel wasnt particularly good. But I _ (stay) in many worse hotels. ()13. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we _ (know) each other for years. ()14. - Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. - I think so. He _ (prepare) for it fo
11、r months. ()15. The telephone _ (ring), but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. ()16. -Did you go to the show last night -Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _(invite). ()17. - Whats that noise - Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _ (test). ()18. I like these English songs and they _ (tea
12、ch) many times on the radio. ()19. No decision _ (make) about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. ()20. - Do you have any problems if you_(offer) this job- Well, Im thinking about the salary. ()二、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子构造的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题
13、卡标号为3140的相应位置上。(以动词时态为主)(1) Itwas getting dark when I got home. It was cold and I 1_(wear) a coat. I walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket 2_(take) out my key 3_ I couldnt find it. I suddenly remembered that Ihad left 4_ on my desk in the office. It really didnt make 5_ difference. I
14、knew my wife was at home and the children must have e back from school 6_ now, so I knockedat the door. There was no answer, so I knocked again. I 7_(continue) knocking at the door for some time. I was getting angry. Then I remembered something the office boy had told me at noon. He said that my wife 8 _ (phone)saying that she 9_(go) shopping in the afternoon with the children. There was only one thing for meto do: I had to clime in 10_ a window.(2) When he was a little boy, Christopher Co
