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1、2022年考博英语-安徽大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Office jobs are among the positions hardest hit by computation. Word processors and typists will lose about 93,000 jobs over the next few years, while 57,000 secretarial jobs will vanish. Blame the PC: Today, many executives type their own memos and carry their “
2、secretaries” in the palms of their hands. Time is also hard for stock clerks, whose ranks are expected to decrease by 68,000. And employees in manufacturing firms and wholesalers are being replaced with computerized systems.But not everyone who loses a job will end up in the unemployment line. Many
3、will shift to growing positions within their own companies. When new technologies shook up the telecom business, telephone operator Judy Dougherty pursued retraining. She is now a communications technician, earning about $ 64,000 per year. Of course, if youve been a tollbooth collector for the past
4、30 years, and you find yourself replaced by an E-ZPass machine, it may be of little consolation to know that the telecomm field is booming.And thats just it: The service economy is fading; welcome to the expertise economy. To succeed in the new job market, you must be able to handle complex problems
5、. Indeed, all but one of the 50 highest-paying occupations air-traffic controller demand at least a bachelors degree.For those with just a high school diploma, its going to get tougher to find a well-paying job. Since fewer factory and clerical jobs will be available, whats left will be the jobs tha
6、t computation cant kill: Computers cant clean offices, or care for Alzheimers patients. But, since most people have the skills to fill those positions, the wages stay painfully low, meaning computation could drive an even deeper wedge between the rich and poor. The best advice now: Never stop learni
7、ng, and keep up with new technology.For busy adults, of course, that can be tough. The good news is that the very technology thats reducing so many jobs is also making it easier to go back to school without having to sit in a classroom. So-called Internet distance learning is hot, with more than thr
8、ee million students currently enrolled, and its gaining credibility with employers.Are you at risk of losing your job to a computer? Check the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, which is available online at bls.gov.34. From the first paragraph we can infer that all of
9、the following persons are easily thrown into unemployment EXCEPT（ ）.35. By saying“.computation could drive an even deeper wedge between the rich and poor” (Para.4) the author means（ ）.36. What is the authors attitude towards computers?37. Which of the following might serve as the best title of the p
10、assage?问题1选项A.secretariesB.stock clerksC.managersD.wholesalers问题2选项A.people are getting richer and richerB.there will be a small gap between rich and poorC.the gap between rich and poor is getting larger and largerD.its time to close up the gap between the rich and poor问题3选项A.Positive.B.Negative.C.N
11、eutral.D.Prejudiced问题4选项A.Blaming the PC.B.The booming telecomm field.C.Internet distance learning.D.Keeping up with computation.【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:A第4题:D【解析】34. 推理判断题。定位在第一段Word processors and typists will lose about 93,000 jobs over the next few years, while 57,000 secretarial jobs will vanish.（文字处
12、理人员和打字员将在最近几年失去93000个就业职位，57000个秘书的职位将消失。）Time is also hard for stock clerks, whose ranks are expected to decrease by 68,000.（股票职员的日子也不好过，其职位预期要减少68000个。）And employees in manufacturing firms and wholesalers are being replaced with computerized systems.（同时，制造业的雇员和批发商也正在被计算机化的系统所替代。）由此可知，A选项“秘书”，B选项“股
13、票职员”，D选项“批发商”都很容易失业。因此C选项“经理”最不可能失业，符合题意，故选C。35. 推理判断题。定位到第四段But, since most people have the skills to fill those positions, the wages stay painfully low, meaning computation could drive an even deeper wedge between the rich and poor.（但是，由于大多数人都能胜任这样的职位，工资就会非常低，这就意味着计算机自动化可能会在贫富之间打入一个更深的楔子。）也即是说，计算机
14、自动化可能会造成贫富之间的差距越来越大。因此C选项“贫富差距越来越大”正确，符合题意。A选项“人们越来越富有了”，B选项“贫富差距会减小”，D选项“是时候缩小贫富差距了”，均不符合题意。故选C。36. 观点态度题。这篇文章客观地说明了计算机自动化所造成或将要造成的失业问题，作者对此深表同情，但作者对计算机自动化却还是肯定的。定位到第三段The service economy is fading; welcome to the expertise economy.（服务经济正在衰退；欢迎来到专业经济。）和第四段中的The best advice now: Never stop learning,
15、 and keep up with new technology.（现在最好的建议是永远不要停止学习，跟上新技术的步伐。）说明在作者眼里计算机自动化是科技的进步，能够催人奋进，努力学习。由此可见作者对计算机持肯定的态度，因此A选项“积极的；肯定的”正确，符合题意。B选项“消极的；否定的”，C选项“中立的”，D选项“怀有偏见的”均不符合题意。故选A。37. 主旨大意题。本文主要围绕“计算机自动化”展开叙述，客观地说明了计算机自动化所造成或将要造成的失业问题，作者对此深表同情，同时也提出忠告：学无止境，跟上新技术不落伍。因此D选项“跟上计算机的使用”正确，符合题意。A选项“责怪电脑”，B选项“蓬勃发展的电信领域”，C选项“网络远程教育”，均不符合题意。故选D。2. 单选题（ ）outside in the street, the man was sent to hospital at once.问题1选项A.To be found dyingB.Finding deadC.Found lying and dying fastD.Found lying and almost died【答案】C【解析】考查分词辨析。A选项To be found dying“被发现奄奄一息”；动词不定式表将来，本句所用一般过去式，故排除A选项。B选项Finding dead“发现死者”；主语是
