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1、2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 翻译题他这人喜怒无常，且好走极端。【答案】He is moody and is inclined to be extreme.2. 单选题Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been a driving force in bringing virtual reality to medicine, where computers create a “virtual” or simulated environment f
2、or surgeons and other medical practitioners.“With virtual reality well be able to put a surgeon in every trench,” said Satava. He envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers.The computers would transmit images of the soldi
3、ers to surgeons back in the U.S.The surgeons would look at the soldier through virtual reality helmets that contain a small screen displaying the image of the wound. The doctors would guide robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit that operate on the soldier.Although Satavas visio
4、n may be years away from standard operating procedure, scientists are progressing toward virtual reality surgery. Engineers at an international organization in California are developing a tele-operating device. As surgeons watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery, they move instruments that ar
5、e connected to a computer, which passes their movements to robotic instruments that perform the surgery. The computer provides feedback to the surgeon on force, textures, and sound.These technological wonders may not yet be part of the community hospital setting but increasingly some of the machiner
6、y is finding its way into civilian medicine. At Wayne State University Medical School, surgeon Lucia Zamorano takes images of the brain from computerized scans and uses a computer program to produce a 3-D image. She can then maneuver the 3-D image on the computer screen to map the shortest, least in
7、vasive surgical path to the tumor. Zamorano is also using technology that attaches a probe to surgical instruments so that she can track their positions. While cutting away a tumor deep in the brain, she watches the movement of her surgical tools in a computer graphics image of the patients brain ta
8、ken before surgery.During these proceduresoperations that are done through small cuts in the body in which a miniature camera and surgical tools are maneuveredsurgeons are wearing 3-D glasses for a better view. And they are commanding robot surgeons to cut away tissue more accurately than human surg
9、eons can.Satava says, “We are in the midst of a fundamental change in the field of medicine.”1. According to Richard Satava, the application of virtual reality to medicine _.2. Richard Satava has visions of _.3. How is virtual reality surgery performed?4. During virtual reality operations, the surge
10、on can have a better view of the cuts in the body because _.5. Virtual reality operations are an improvement on conventional surgery in that they _.问题1选项A.will enable surgeons to be physically present on every battlefieldB.can raise the spirits of soldiers wounded on the battlefieldC.will greatly im
11、prove medical conditions on the battlefieldD.can shorten the time for operations on soldiers wounded on the battlefield问题2选项A.using a remote-control technique to treat wounded soldiers fighting overseasB.wounded soldiers being saved by doctors wearing virtual reality helmets on the battlefieldC.woun
12、ded soldiers being operated on by specially trained surgeonsD.setting up mobile surgical units overseas问题3选项A.It is performed by a computer-designed high precision device.B.Surgeons wear virtual reality helmets to receive feedback provided by a computer.C.Surgeons move robotic instruments by means o
13、f a computer linked to them.D.A 3-D image records the movements of the surgeons during the operation.问题4选项A.he is looking at the cuts on a computer screenB.the cuts can be examined from different anglesC.the cuts have been highly magnifiedD.he is wearing 3-D glasses问题5选项A.cause less pain to the woun
14、dedB.allow the patient to recover more quicklyC.will make human surgeons work less tediousD.are done by robot surgeons with greater precision【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.【选项释义】According to Richard Satava, the application of virtual reality to medicine _. 据理查德萨塔瓦（Richard Satava）称，虚拟现实在医学上的应用_。A
15、. will enable surgeons to be physically present on every battlefield A. 将使外科医生能够亲自出现在每一个战场上B. can raise the spirits of soldiers wounded on the battlefield B. 可以让战场上受伤的士兵振作起来C. will greatly improve medical conditions on the battlefield C. 将大大改善战场上的医疗条件D. can shorten the time for operations on soldiers wounded on the battlefield D. 可以缩短战场上受伤士兵的手术时间【答案】C【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第二段第一句“有了虚拟现实技术，我们就能在每条战壕里安置一名外科医生。”以及第三段最后一句“医生们将引导战场上机动外科部队的机器人仪器为士兵动手术。”可知虚拟现实可以运用到战场上去，由此可推断这将提高战场上的医疗水平。因此选C。【干扰项排除】A选项“将使外科医生能够亲自出现在每一个战场上”，文中第三段提到“这些电脑将把士兵的图像传送给美国的外科医生。外科医生将通过虚拟现实头盔观察
