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1、部分矿床学术语及英文解释TermDefinitionBan ded ore（条带状矿石）an ore con sisti ng of alter nating layers of ore min erals and gan gue material an d/or host rock.Den sitythe ratio of an objects mass to its volume. (measured as grams per cen timeter cubed: g cm3)Dissem in ated ore(浸染状矿石)an ore con sisti ng of fine ore
2、min eral particles that are dispersed throughout the host rock.En richme ntthe processes by which the relative amount of one con stitue nt mi neral or eleme nt contained within a rock is in creased.Epithermal（低温热液的）a term applied to relatively low-T (e.g. 100C - 200 C) hydrothermal processes.Mesothe
3、rmal（中温热液的）a term applied to in termediate temperature (e.g. 200C - 300 C) hydrothermal processes.Hypothermal（高温热液的）a term applied to relatively high temperature (e.g. 300C - 500 C) hydrothermal processes.Fools Goldusually applied to fin e-gra ined iron pyrite and chalcopyrite.Gangue(脉石)part of a mi
4、n eral deposit from which a metal or metals are not extracted. It is importa nt to n ote that gan gue mi nerals in one min eral deposit may be ore min erals in ano ther (e.g. pyrite, barite, fluorite). The most com mon gan gue min erals are quartz, calcite, fluorite, siderite and calciteGossa n(铁帽)t
5、he leached and oxidized n ear-surface part of an ore deposit, usually composed of iron oxide/hydroxide and quartz.Gradethe metal content of an ore.Host rockthe body of rock surro unding an ore body.Lim on itea com mon term used for a mixture of amorphous iron oxides and hydroxides.Lode（矿脉）an old ter
6、m for an ore deposit con sist ing of the ore itself along with the host rock.Massa measure of a bodys resista nee to a cha nge in velocity. (measured in kilograms (kg).Massive ore（块状矿石）an ore consisting of mostly ore mi nerals with very little gangue an d/or host rock.TermDefinitionMetalloge nic pro
7、v in cesregi ons in which a series of min eral deposits possess com mon characteristics.Mi nerala n aturally occurri ng, in orga nic solid with a defi nite chemical compositi on and a regular atomic structure. From this basis comes all of a min erals physical properties.Min eral depositany n aturall
8、y occurri ng body of min erals which is wholly or partly of econo mic value. The value lies in the ore min erals and not the body of min erals as a whole.Min eralizati onan ano malous concen trati on of an eleme nt of econo mic importa nee with in a rock body. Min eralizati on may be visible to the
9、n aked eye (as is n ormally the case with base metals such as copper, lead and zinc) or in visible (as is n ormally the case with gold). The term min eralizati on is a geological one and has no econo mic implicati ons.Ore bodythe parts of a min eral deposit where the ore min erals are concen trated
10、into an econo mically extractable mass.Ore min erala min eral from which a useful metal (or non-metal such as fluorite) may be extracted profitably.Peacock orea popular term for bor nite, the copper iron sulfide min eral.Pitchble ndethe most com mon ore of ura nium, which is dominan tly composed of
11、the min eral ura nin ite.Primary oreore min erals formed from either hot magmas or fluids.Specific gravitythe den sity of a substa nee to that of water (weight divided by loss of weight in water).Ti nst onea popular n ame for cassiterite, the main ore of tin.Vei na tabular or sheet-like body of min
12、erals that has in truded into joints or fissures in the rock.Wall rockthe coun try rock (surro unding rock) of a vein or ore body.Weightthe force with which an object of certa in mass is att racted by gravity to the Earth or ano ther body. (measured in Newt ons : N)Alteration (蚀变作用) :A change in the
13、 mineralogy of the country rock or ore as a result of a chemical reaction with hydrothermal solutions. For example, mafic minerals such as hornblende or biotite may alter to chlorite and feldspars may alter to clay. An alteration zone describes rocks which have been altered to a specific group of se
14、condary or alteration minerals, usually around the perimeter of a mineral deposit.Applied Mineralogy : Application of mineralogical information.Automated Mineralogy : A generic term describing a range of analytical solutions, areas of commercial enterprise, and a growing field of scientific research
15、 and engineering applications involving largely automated and quantitative analysis of minerals, rocks and man-made materials.Base Metals : Industrial non-ferrous metals such as nickel, copper, lead zinc, excluding precious metals.Breccia : Angular fragments of rock produced by movement along a faul
16、t or explosive igneous activity. The material which surrounds the fragments and cements them together is called matrix and might be vein minerals, igneous material or very fine rock fragments.Chimney : Also referred to as a pipe, this is a vertically oriented, cylindrical body, often a breccia, of vein or replacement minerali
