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1、全面英语语法及习题一、大写字母的运用1.句首第一个字母大写。2.人名、国名、节日名、语言名、组织名等专有名词的首字母大写。3.星期、月份的首字母大写。4.特指的学校、政府、党派、委员会或涉及具体人名的称呼或职位，首字母大写。5.某些特殊词汇、缩略词、标志语、特殊用语等，首字母大写或全大写。 二、缩略形式Im = I am, youre = you are, shes = she is/she has, wont=will not, cant =can not, isnt=is not, lets = let us.三、名词复数的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加s，如：book-books, ba
2、g-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds. 2.以s，x，sh，ch结尾，加es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches. 3.以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i, 再加es，如：family-families, hobby-hobbies. 4.以f或fe结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加es，如：thief-thieves, knife-knives.5.以o结尾，加es，如：mango-mangoes. 加s，如：radio-radios，photo-photos.6.不规则变化，如：man-men, woman-women, child-childr
3、en, foot-feet, tooth-teeth. 7.不可数名词有:bread, juice, tea, coffee, water, rice等。(不可数名词相对应的be动词是is/was)一、请写出下列名词的复数形式,没有复数形式的请划出/。（25分）bus_fox_boy_day_zoo_tree_deer_fish_city_leaf_life_milk_foot_horse_mouse_tooth_woman_broom_juice_water_people_branch_family_ox_ country_二、填入所给名词的正确形式。（5分）1. The _ are pla
4、ying football now. (child)2. There are ten _in our school. (woman teacher)3. Most of _ live in _. （German）4. There are three _ and five _ in the room. (Chinese, German)5. Could you please give me some _? (milk)四、名词所有格表示人或物品所属关系时，就需要使用名词所有格。名词所有格的构成有以下规则：1.一般情况下，在名词的末尾加s构成。如：Toms book2.以“-s”结尾的复数名词的所
5、有格，只在其末尾加。如：our teachers books3.表示几个人共同拥有的东西时，只在最后一个名字上加所有格。如：Su Hai and Su Yangs bedroom五、a, an和the的用法1.单词或字母的第一个读音是辅音读音：a book, a peach, a “U”.单词或字母的第一个读音是元音读音：an egg, an hour, an “F”.2.the要注意的：球类前面不加the，乐器前面要加the，序数词前面要加the。1. _ear 2._actor 3. _hen 4. _toy 5. _university6. _elephant 7. _hat 8._um
6、brella 9._rabbit 10._idea11._hour 12_ honest boy 13._interesting book 14._easy question15._orange dress 16_apple pie 17_X-ray machine 18._ice cream六、人称代词和物主代词 人称代词：1.人称代词分为第一、第二、第三人称，且有单复数之分。2.人称代词的主格在句中做主语，一般用在动词前（疑问句除外）。3.人称代词的宾格在句中做宾语，多用于动词、介词后。4.人称代词能代替表示人称的名词。物主代词：1.表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。2.物主代词分为形容词性
7、物主代词和名词性物主代词。物主代词也有人称和数的变化。3.形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，后面一定要跟名词，表示该名词所代表的事物是属于谁的。4.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如：This is my bag.= This is mine. 熟记人称代词和物主代词的* 1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。 2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。 人称代词 物主代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 我 I me 我的 my mine 你，你们 y
8、ou you 你的，你们的 your yours 他 he him 他的 his his 她 she her 她的 her hers 它 it it 它的 its its 我们 we us 我们的 our ours 他（她，它）们 they them 他（她，它）们的 their theirs主 格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾 格meyouhimheritusyouthem形 物myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名 物mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs一 用适当的代词填空：1. That is not _ kite. That
9、 kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I ) 2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I ) 4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he ) 5. _ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _? ( you ) 6. Here are many dolls, which one is _ ? (
10、 she ) 7. I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you ) 8. Show _ your kite, OK? (they) 9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it ) 10. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. ( they ) 11. Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we ) 12. _ is my a
11、unt. Do you know _ job? _ a nurse. ( she ) 13. That is not _ camera. _is at home. ( he ) 14. Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they ) 15. Dont touch _. _ not a cat, _ a tiger! 16. _ sister is ill. Please go and get _. ( she ) 17. _ dont know her name. Would you please tell _. ( we )
12、 18. So many dogs. Lets count _. ( they ) 19. I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3. I like _ very much. ( he ) 20. May I sit beside _? ( you ) 21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _. ( it ） 22.The girl behind _ is our friend. (she )七、形容词、副词的比较级1.形容词的比较级：用于两者的比较。（1）基本句式的构成：A（主格）+ be + 形容词的比较级 + than + B（宾格）.（2）表示一样的情况时用原级，结构是：as + 原级 + as2.副词的比较级：（1）基本句式的构成：A（主格）+ 动词 + 副词的比较级 + than + B（宾格）.（2）表示一样的情况时用原级，结构是：as + 原级 + as3.形容词、副词比较级的变化规则：（1）单音节词末尾加er；（2）单音节词如果以字母e 结尾，加r；（3）重读闭音节词如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，须双写这个字母，再加er；（4）以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，再加er；（5）双音节和多音节词的比较级在原级前加more
