托福阅读真题与答案：生物多样性托福阅读真题的练习，能够让考生更加全面了解托福阅读的考察内容以及考题难度，从而更加有策略性地规划备考策略本文文都国际教育小编为各位中国考生带来了托福阅读真题与答案：生物多样性，希望对大家的备考有所帮助托福阅读真题Biologicaldiversityhasbecomewidelyrecognizedasacriticalconservationissueonlyinthepasttwodecades.Therapiddestructionofthetropicalrainforests,whicharetheecosystemswiththehighestknownspeciesdiversityonEarth,hasawakenedpeopletotheimportanceandfragilityofbiologicaldiversity.Thehighrateofspeciesextinctionsintheseenvironmentsisjolting,butitisimportanttorecognizethesignificanceofbiologicaldiversityinallecosystems.Asthehumanpopulationcontinuestoexpand,itwillnegativelyaffectoneafteranotherofEarth'secosystems.Interrestrialecosystemsandinfringemarineecosystems(suchaswetlands),themostcommonproblemishabitatdestruction.Inmostsituations,theresultisirreversible.Nowhumansarebeginningtodestroymarineecosystemsthroughothertypesofactivities,suchasdisposalandrunoffofpoisonouswaste;inlessthantwocenturies,bysignificantlyreducingthevarietyofspeciesonEarth,theyhaveunraveledconsofevolutionandirrevocablyredirecteditscourse.Certainly,therehavebeenperiodsinEarth'shistorywhenmassextinctionshaveoccurred.Theextinctionofthedinosaurswascausedbysomephysicalevent,eitherclimaticorcosmic.Therehavealsobeenlessdramaticextinctions,aswhennaturalcompetitionbetweenspeciesreachedanextremeconclusion.Only.01percentofthespeciesthathavelivedonEarthhavesurvivedtothepresent,anditwaslargelychancethatdeterminedwhichspeciessurvivedandwhichdiedout.However,nothinghaseverequaledthemagnitudeandspeedwithwhichthehumanspeciesisalteringthephysicalandchemicalworldanddemolishingtheenvironment.Infact,thereiswideagreementthatitistherateofchangehumansareinflicting,evenmorethanthechangesthemselves,thatwillleadtobiologicaldevastation.LifeonEarthhascontinuallybeeninfluxasslowphysicalandchemicalchangeshaveoccurredonEarth,butlifeneedstimetoadapt—timeformigrationandgeneticadaptationwithinexistingspeciesandtimefortheproliferationofnewgeneticmaterialandnewspeciesthatmaybeabletosurviveinnewenvironments.托福阅读真题题目：1. Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss(A) Whypeopleinpreindustrialsocietiesworkedfewhoursperweek(B) Changesthathaveoccurredinthenumberofhoursthatpeopleworkperweek(C)Acomparisonofthenumberofhoursworkedperyearinseveralindustries(D) WorkingconditionsduringtheIndustrialRevolution2. Comparedtopreiudustrialtimes,thenumberofhoursintheworkweekinthenineteenthcentury(A) remainedconstant(B) decreasedslightly(C) decreasedsignificantly(D) increasedsignificantly3. Theword"norm"inline5isclosestinmeaningto(A) minimum.(B) example(C) possibility(D) standard4. Theword"henceforth"inline13isclosestinmeaningto(A) intheend(B) forabriefperiod(C) fromthattimeon(D) onoccasion5. The"idea"mentionedinline15refersto(A) the60-hourworkweek(B) thereductioninthecostofautomobiles(C) thereductionintheworkweekatsomeautomobilefactories(D) thecriticismofFordbyUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse6. WhatisonereasonforthechangeinthelengthoftheworkweekfortheaverageworkerintheUnitedStatesduringthe1930's(A) Severalpeoplesometimessharedasinglejob.(B) LaborstrikesinseveralcountriesinfluencedlaborpolicyintheUnitedStates.(C) Severalcorporationsincreasedthelengthoftheworkweek.(D) TheUnitedStatesgovernmentinstituteda35-hourworkweek.7. WhichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthepurposesoftheFairLaborStandardsActof1938(A) todiscourageworkersfromaskingforincreasedwages(B) toestablishalimitonthenumberofhoursintheworkweek(C) toallowemployerstosetthelengthoftheworkweekfortheirworkers(D) torestricttradewithcountriesthathadalongworkweek8. Theword"mandated"inline18isclosestinmeaningto(A) required(B) recommended(C) eliminated(D) considered9. Theword"immutable"inline21isclosestinmeaningto(A) unmatched(B) irregular(C) unnecessary(D) unchangeable10. WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasevidencethatthelengthoftheworkweekhasbeendecliningsincethenineteenthcentury(A) Thehalf-dayholiday(line7)(B) HenryFord(lines11-12)(C) UnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse(line14-15)(D) Germanmetalworkers(line21)11. Accordingtothepassage,onegoaloftheJapanesegovernmentistoreducetheaverageannualamountofworkto(A) 1,646hours(B) 1,800hours(C) 1,957hours(D) 2,088hours答案：CBBCDCDAD以上就是小编与大家分享的托福阅读真题及答案：生物多样性的全部内容，希望对参加托福考试的考生有所帮助。
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