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1、 基于单片机的多气体浓度测试仪摘要近些年来，我国经济快速发展，人民生活水平日益提高,全国机动车辆数量和驾驶员人数猛增，醉酒驾车造成严重后果的违法犯罪也日益增多，给社会和广大人民群众生命、健康造成严重危害。2000年以来，酒后驾车行为所造成事故越来越多，对社会的影响也越来越大，酒精逐渐成为凶残的“马路杀手”。据有关资料统计，全世界每年因车祸丧生的人数就超过60万人，留下永久性伤残者在400万以上，一般受伤者则不计其数。在许多国家，车祸已成为第一位意外死亡原因。另外，交通事故所造成的经济损失也相当惊人。据统计，大约50%60%的车祸与饮酒有关。中国公安部门在2009年8月，在全国各地加强查处酒后驾
2、驶的力度，以减少由酒后驾驶造成的恶性交通事故。要查处就涉及到检测人体内的酒精含量和使用设备来进行检测的问题。近年来我国煤炭工业的安全生产状况不容乐观，中小型煤矿的情况尤为严重，已经直接威胁到整个煤炭工业的稳定生产，给国家财产和人民生命造成了很大的损失，作为“万恶之首”的甲烷爆炸事故更是重大事故发生率之首。出于安全考虑，甲烷浓度的测量，显得尤为重要。基于以上可以看出，有关气体的浓度检测问题，至关重要。本文研究设计了一种可以测量多种气体浓度，并可以进行超限报警的智能测试仪。其设计方案基于STC89C52单片机，MQ3酒精浓度传感器，MQ4甲烷浓度传感器。系统将传感器回路输出的信号通过以AD0832
3、为核心的A/D转换电路调理后，经由单片机进行数据处理，由LCD显示酒精浓度值。并设计一定的限值，超限声光报警。限值可由按键调整。考虑到单片机计算能力有限，难以进行复杂数据处理，故单片机系统与PC机系统通过RS-232串行通信端口进行互连，从而单片机用作下位机进行数据采集和设备控制，而PC机用做上位机进行复杂的数据处理和对单片机的控制。文中详细介绍了数据采集子系统、数据处理过程以及数据显示子系统和报警电路、单片机与PC机通信的软硬件实现的设计方法和过程。系统对于采样地点超出规定的指定气体浓度时，通过声光报警电路提醒监测人员。同时，操作人员对于具体报警点的上限值可以通过单片机编程进行设置。关键词：
4、酒精浓度传感器（MQ3）、甲烷浓度传感器（MC113）、STC89C52、A/D转换器、数据选择器（74HC4051）、串口通信、RS232、VB；AbstractIn recent years, Chinas rapid economic development, increasing peoples standard of living, the number of motor vehicles and drivers has soared, drunk driving has caused serious consequences of illegal crime is also inc
5、reasing, to the society and the life of the masses, causing serious harm to health. Since 2000, drinking and driving behavior caused by increasing number of accidents, on the social impact is also growing, alcohol has become fierce killer on the road. According to the statistics, the whole world bec
6、ause of traffic accident every year the number of people killed more than 600000 people, left permanently disabled in 4000000 above, general injuries are too many to count. In many countries, traffic accident has become the first cause of accidental death. In addition, the traffic accidents caused b
7、y the economic loss is quite amazing. According to statistics, approximately 50% - 60% of the accidents are related to alcohol. China public security departments in 2009August, throughout the country to strengthen and driving force, so as to reduce the driving caused by malignant traffic accident. T
8、o investigate the related to detection of human with an alcohol content and the use of equipment to detect problem.In recent years, industry of our country coal production safety situation is not optimistic, middle and small coal mine situation is particularly serious, has a direct threat to the sta
9、ble production of the whole coal industry, to the national property and peoples lives and caused great damage, as the worst of all evils methane explosion is a major accident rate in the first. For security reasons, the methane concentration measurement, appear particularly important.Based on the ab
10、ove, the gas concentration detection problem, critical. This paper studied and designed a variety of gas concentration can be measured, and can alarm intelligent tester. The design scheme based on STC89C52 MCU, MQ3 alcohol concentration sensor, MQ4 methane concentration sensor. System circuit of the
11、 sensor output signals from the AD0832 as the core of the A / D conversion circuit after conditioning, through the single-chip microcomputer for data processing, LCD display by the alcohol concentration value. And the design of certain limits, overrun alarm. Limit value by the keys to adjust. Consid
12、ering the SCM calculation ability is limited, to complex data processing, so single-chip system and PC system through the RS-232 serial communication port interconnect, thereby SCM as the next bit machine data acquisition and control equipment, and the machine used PC do PC for complex data processi
13、ng and the SCM control. This paper introduces the data acquisition subsystem, data processing and data display system and alarm circuit, SCM and PC communication hardware and software to achieve the design method and process. System for sampling locations beyond the prescribed specified gas concentr
14、ations, through sound and light alarm circuit to remind staff monitoring. At the same time, the operator for a specific alarm limit values can be set through the single-chip programming.Key words: alcohol oncentration sensor (MQ3), methane concentration sensor ( MC113), STC89C52, A/D converter,Datae
15、lector (74HC4051), serial communication, RS232,VB;毕业设计（论文）原创性声明和使用授权说明原创性声明本人郑重承诺：所呈交的毕业设计（论文），是我个人在指导教师的指导下进行的研究工作及取得的成果。尽我所知，除文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，不包含其他人或组织已经发表或公布过的研究成果，也不包含我为获得 及其它教育机构的学位或学历而使用过的材料。对本研究提供过帮助和做出过贡献的个人或集体，均已在文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。作 者 签 名： 日 期： 指导教师签名： 日期： 使用授权说明本人完全了解 大学关于收集、保存、使用毕业设计（论文）的规定
16、，即：按照学校要求提交毕业设计（论文）的印刷本和电子版本；学校有权保存毕业设计（论文）的印刷本和电子版，并提供目录检索与阅览服务；学校可以采用影印、缩印、数字化或其它复制手段保存论文；在不以赢利为目的前提下，学校可以公布论文的部分或全部内容。作者签名： 日 期： 学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日学位论文版权使用授权书
