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1、2022年考博英语-华南师范大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题My（ ）is for wild flowers rather than cultivated ones.问题1选项A.inclinationB.favoriteC.preferenceD.fondness【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A: inclination “意向；倾向；爱好”；B: favorite “特别喜爱的人（或物）”；C: preference “喜好；偏好；偏爱”；D: fondness “喜欢；喜爱”。 句意：我偏爱野生花而不是栽培花。根据语境和句意，这里含有比较级结构，因此C最合适
2、。2. 翻译题Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on the Answer Sheet.Scientific research is by nature an uncertain undertaking. Like any exploratory process, it is not possible to predict what one will find or what its eventual utility might b
3、e. That is the whole point of research-investigating what we do not know. In other walks of life we have come to grips with the notion of stochastic phenomena that are not individually predictable, but can be tackled as a group. Mutual fund managers do not expect every investment to have the same re
4、turn, nor do actuaries expect every person to live precisely to the life expectancy. The whole point of a mutual fund, or an insurance company, is to create a portfolio of unpredictable entities that in the aggregate yield to statistical prediction. Given a sufficiently large portfolio of research p
5、rojects, and enough time to bring them to fruition, the track record is clear: Science is a tremendous, and very predictable, investment.Yet this is not how science is viewed by those who fund it in government or industry. Therefore, projects are subjected to a scrutiny wholly inappropriate to their
6、 nature. The most reliable way to get research funds is to predict the research results up front, to guarantee low risk of failure, and to present a clear and certain path from results to great commercial utility.【答案】科学研究一项不确定的事业。就像任何探索过程一样，我们不可能预测人们 会发现什么，或者它最终的效用是什么。研究-调查我们不知道的事情是整个重点。在其他行业，我们已经掌握
7、随机现象的概念，这些现象不作为个体预测，而是可以作为一个整体来处理的。共同基金经理不期望每一个投资都有同样的回报，精算师们也不期望每个人都能精确地生活在预期寿命中。共同基金或保险公司的全部目的是创建一个不可预测的实体组合，这些实体在总体收益率上是用于统计预测的。倘若有足够大型的研究组合，以及有足够的时间让它们结出硕果，这种记录是清晰的：科学是一项巨大的、非常可预测的投资。然而，政府或工业界的资助者并不是这样看待科学的。因此，项目受到完全不符合其性质的审查。获得科研经费最可靠的途径是提前预测研究成果，保证低风险的失败，并从研究成果向大商业应用的角度说明清晰、确定的路径。3. 单选题All vis
8、itors are requested to（ ）with the regulations.问题1选项A.abideB.complyC.consentD.conform【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A: abide with “与同住”；B: comply (with) “遵守”；C: consent “同意”；D: conform (to) “遵守”。句意：所有的游客都被要求遵守规则。根据句意以及固定搭配，选项B为正确答案。4. 单选题He spoke so（ ）that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.问题1选项A.
9、bluntlyB.convincinglyC.emphaticallyD.determinedly【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析题。A选项 bluntly “坦率地，率直地”；B选项 convincingly “使人信服地，有说服力地”；C选项 emphatically “坚决地，断然地”；D选项 determinedly “决然地，断然地”。句意：他讲得如此有说服力，以至于他的对手都被他的辩论所折服。结合此处句意，B选项正确。5. 单选题Basic research is the cutting of paths through the unknown. As most of us kn
10、ow today, it is the pacesetter for technology and the raw material of invention.Because basic research is aimed at understanding rather than at practical results, the layman sometimes assumes that it is entirely abstract and theoretical, and that only when it becomes a matter of industrial developme
11、nt does it “come down to earth.” This is a false notion and its falsity becomes increasingly clear with time. Indeed, one striking characteristic of our scientific age has been the disappearance of the barriers between pure and applied science. Not only are we finding important technological applica
12、tion for mathematical and scientific knowledge which was formerly thought of as abstract and useless, but the advance of technology has both generated new problems in pure science and provided new tools with which such science can be advanced more effectively. The development of the techniques and h
13、ardware for radar during the war, for example, gave the physicist and the chemist a new and refined tool for investigating the properties of solids and of chemical compounds. Conversely, the extensive use of this tool in basic science has opened the way to entirely new techniques in electronics. Sim
14、ilarly, the development of large-scale electronic computers has led engineers to find practical uses for some of the most, abstruse and impractical branches of higher mathematics, while the understanding of the techniques of using computers has, on the other hand, given us deeper insight into some a
15、spects of the behavior of complex biological and social systems. Basic and applied science today are distinguished less by method and content than by motivation. Very often indeed, the same man can be both “pure scientist” and “engineer” as he works on different problems or on different parts of one
16、 problem.By the word scientist we mean someone who is fit to take part in basic research, to learn without a teacher, to discover and attack significant problems not yet solved, to show the nature of this process to others someone, in short, who is equipped to spend a lifetime in the advancement of science, to the best of his abilit
