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1、高考英语语法专题动词时态动词时态(tense)是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同时间里所产生的 动作或存在的状态。动词时态分类：进行完成完成进行现在一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时将来一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时将来完成进行时过去将来一般过去将来时过去将来进行时过去将来完成时过去将来完成进行时1 .一般现在时(1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every ，sometimes, at ，on Sunday1 leave home for school at 7 every morning.(2)客观
2、真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.(3)表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。HD此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。Columbus proved that the earth is round.(4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.(5) 一般现在时表将来：1 .下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, ret
3、urn的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表a.示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.b. 倒装句，表示动作正在进行，Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.c. 在状语从句中。Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.d. 在动词 hope, take care that, make sure that 等后。I hope they have a
4、 nice time next week.Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.高考真题解析1. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which thePacific, and we met no storms. ( 辽宁卷 )A. was calledB. is calledC. had been calledD. has beencalled 【分析】因为这是客观事实，故用一般现在时。”“ We have to c
5、arry it on, since weD. is raining2. “ What would you do if it tomorrow?everything ready. 全国卷 ” ( I)A. rainB. rainsC. will rain【分析】即在条件句中用一般现在时表示将来意义。3. As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when and seehm. ()A. you will comeB. will you come C. you comeD. do you come【分析】主句是一般将来时， when 引导时间状语从句时，从句用一
6、般现在时表示将来时。如： Well start when the team leader comes. 队长一来， 我们就出发。 含宾语从句的复合句的时态遵从主从一致原则，一般而言，主句是现在时或将来时，从句根据具体情况用适当时态；主句是过去时，从句应用相应的过去时态。 I thought (that) you would be free today.2. 一般过去时的用法1) ) 在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有： just now( 刚才 ),yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 等。I
7、saw Tom in the street yesterday.2) ) 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。第 2页 共 11 页When I was a child, I often played footb all in the street.He always went to work by bus.(3)用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。动词 want, hope, wonder, think, intend，情态动词 could, would 等用过去式表示委婉。Did you want anything else?Could you lend me your bike?
8、(4)用于虚拟语气表示与现在或将来事实不符。If I were a bird, I would fly to Beijing.clock. “7高考真题解析3) “ If the traffic hadn t been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 oTina here to see you. 湖南卷“)(A. isB. wasC. would be D. has been【分析】尽管上面一句用的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，但后面一句谈的却是发生在过去的一件真实情况，故用一般过去时。4) Is Peter coming?No, he his min
9、d after a phone call at the last minute.(2015 重庆，1)A. changes B. changedC. was changing D. had changed【分析】由明显的时间标志词at the last minute ”确定本题时态为过去式。3. 一般将来时(1) shall用于第一人称，常被 will所代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用 于第二人称。Which paragraph shall I read first ?Will you be at home at seven this evening?(2) be goin
10、g to + 不定式，表示将来。be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事心意 be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。注意 be going to / will的用法之比较:用于条件句时，be going to表将来，will表意愿。If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.mirror.be to 和 be going toNow if you wi
11、ll take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the的用法之比较:be to表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而be going to则表示主观的打算或计划。I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.（ 客观安排）Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.（ 主观安排 ）高考真题解析1. Did you tell Julia about the result?”Oh, no, I forgot. I herov
12、wj）A. will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call【分析】答案选 Bo表示临时的决定，要用“will动词原形”。另外某些短暂性动词(尤其是表示位置移动的短暂性动词)有时还可以用现在进行时表示将来意义。如：2.“ What are you going to do this afternoon?I am going to the cinema with some friends.The film quite early, so we to the bookstore after that. 重庆卷）”（A. finished, are
13、going B. finished, go C. finishes, are goingD. finishes, go用一般现在时表不，而表【分析】电影的开始和结束是电影院在时刻表中已有的计戈L 示最近的打算或安排，则可用现在进行时表示。4.现在进行时(1)表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。We are waiting for you.(2)习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)(3) 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, ru
14、n, go, begin 等。The leaves are turning red.（4）与always, constantly, forever等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You are always changing your mind.m不用进行时的动词a: 事实状态的动词。have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter,weigh, measure, continueThis house belongs to my sister.b: 心理状态的动词。know
15、, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree,recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hateI need your help.He loves her very much.C:瞬间动词。 accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse.I accept your advice.d:系动词。seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn高考真题解析1. You seem a little tired. 1. Listen to the two girls by the window. What language?（全国卷III）A. did they speak B. were they
