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1、2022-2023年考博英语-中国艺术研究院模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题When PH.D. candidates（ ）their impending professorships, they consider housing benefits offered by the prospective university.问题1选项A.anticipateB.assumeC.applyD.demand【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项anticipate“预期，预计（并做准备）”；B选项assume“设想，假定”；C选项apply“申请，应用”；D选项demand“强烈要求”。句意：
2、当博士申请者在为即将到来的教授职位做准备时，他们会考虑未来大学提供的住房福利。选项A符合语境。2. 单选题Human societies the world over have confronted the same existential problems and have come to remarkably（ ）solutions, differing only in superficial details.问题1选项A.identicalB.diverseC.variedD.similar【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项identical“完全相同的”；B选项diverse“不
3、同的，多种多样的”；C选项varied“各式各样的”；D选项similar“相似的”。句意：人类社会都会面临同样的生存问题，但都能找到非常相似的解决方案，只是在表面的细节上有所不同。选项D符合语境。3. 单选题I know youve got a smooth tongue, so dont talk me（ ）buying it.问题1选项A.awayB.downC.outD.into【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项talk away“不断的谈”；B选项 talk down“说服，驳倒”；C选项 talk out“讲出来”；D选项talk into“说服某人做某事”。句意：我知道你很会
4、说话，所以不要劝我买这个。选项D符合语境。4. 单选题Each of them had a different（ ）of what actually happened, but hers was far more believable.问题1选项A.messageB.theoryC.versionD.comment【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项message“消息”；B选项theory“理论，原理”；C选项version“版本，说法”；D选项comment“评论，意见”。句意：每个人对实际发生的事情都有不同的说法，但她的说法更可信。选项C符合语境。5. 翻译题Successful le
5、aders are emotionally and intellectually oriented to the futurenot wedded to the past. They have a hunger to take responsibility, to innovate, and to initiate. They are not content with merely taking care of whats already there. They want to move forward to create something new.Leaders provide answe
6、rs as well as direction, offer strength as well as dedication, and speak from experience as well as understanding of the problems they face and the people they work with.Leaders are flexible rather than dogmatic. They believe in unity rather than conformity. And they strive to achieve consensus out
7、of conflict.Leadership is all about getting people consistently to give their best, helping them to grow to their fullest potential, and motivating them to work toward a common good. Leader make the right things happen when theyre supposed to.A good leader, an effective leader, is one who has respec
8、t. Respect is something you have in order to get. A leader who has respect for other people at all levels of an organization. For the work they do, and for their abilities, aspirations and needs, will find that respect is return. And all concerned will be motivated to work together.【答案】成功的领导者无论在情感上还
9、是在理智上都着眼于未来，而不是执着于过去。他们渴望创新，积极开拓。他们不满足于现状，他们想要前进去创造新事物。领导者不仅提供指导也提供答案，不仅给予力量而且乐于奉献，他们说话既根据经验，也根据他们对所面临的问题和一起共事的人的理解。领导者处事灵活而不武断。他们相信的是团结而不是随波逐流。他们力图在冲突中达成共识。领导力在于让人们始终尽显其能，帮助他们最大限度地发挥自己的潜力，并激励他们朝着共同的目标而努力。领导者在必要的时候能做出正确的决断。一个好的领导者，一个卓有成效的领导者，是一个尊重他人的人。要得到他人的尊重必须先尊重他人。一个尊重组织上各级员工，尊重他们的工作、能力、愿望和需求的领导者
10、也会得到他人的尊重。所有这些都会激励大家共同努力。6. 单选题The psychologist cited several instances of insubordinate behavior.问题1选项A.neglectedB.worriedC.mentionedD.reduced【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。根据句意：心理学家几个不服从行为的例子。cite指的是引用，列举。A选项neglect“忽略，忽视”；B选项worry“担心”；C选项mention“提及，谈到”；D选项reduce“减少，缩小”。选项C代入后最符合语境。7. 单选题When faced with doubts f
11、rom some advisers on the attempted invasion, the president ignored them.问题1选项A.failed to noticeB.put up withC.stood up forD.refused to consider【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。根据句意：当面对一些顾问对入侵企图的质疑时，总统了他们。ignore意为“忽略，忽视”。A选项fail to notice“没有注意到”；B选项put up with“容忍，忍受”；C选项stand up for“支持，拥护”；D选项refuse to consider“拒绝考虑”
12、。选项A与之意思最为接近，代入符合语境。8. 单选题In order to（ ）a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school.问题1选项A.requireB.inquireC.acquireD.address【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项require“需要，要求”；B选项inquire“询问”；C选项acquire“获得”；D选项address“演说，致辞”。句意：为了获得英语知识，他放弃了工作，到一所英语学校学习。选项C符合语境。9. 单选题When pr
13、oducts made in factories（ ）, they are thrown away as garbage.问题1选项A.come to an endB.are put to useC.are used upD.wear out【答案】D【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项come to an end“结束”；B选项are put to use“使用，利用”；C选项are used up“用完，用尽”；D选项wear out“磨损，耗尽，穿破”。句意：当工厂生产的产品用坏了，就会作为垃圾扔掉。选项D最符合语境。10. 单选题The century-old hostilities betw
14、een the two tribes eventually terminated through the persistent efforts of the local government.问题1选项A.diminishedB.shrunkC.vanishedD.worsened【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：经过当地政府的不懈努力，两个部落之间长达一个世纪的敌对关系终于结束了。A选项diminish“减少，缩小”；B选项shrink“收缩，回避”；C选项vanish“消失”；D选项worsen“恶化”。根据句意可知，这里指敌意消失了，terminate意为“终止，结束”，所以选项C与
15、之意思相近，代入符合语境。11. 单选题Because the monkeys under study are habituated to the presence of human beings, they typically disregard human observers and go about their business.问题1选项A.welcomeB.ignoreC.disrespectD.avoid【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：因为被研究的猴子已经习惯了人类的存在，它们通常不理会人类的观察，只顾自己的事。A选项welcome“欢迎”；B选项ignore“忽视，不理睬”；C选项disrespect“
