翻译常见词汇与句型

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1、学习好资料欢迎下载一.词汇层次仔细分析四级翻译题,发现句句贴近生活,源于生活。因此了摘一些贴近大学生生活的词汇。大学生活类required/compulsory course 必修课enrolment/register for 注册graduate school 研究生院instructor辅导老师letter of recommendation 推荐信optional course 选修课take an examination/sit an examination 参加考试oral examination 口试postgraduate 研究生credit学分president 校长dean导

2、师score/mark 分数participation 出勤application form 申请表assessment 评估assignment 作业course arrangement 课程安排undergraduate 本科生二.语句层次1.否定句部分否定句 部分否定句虽然是否定句的形式,但其否定意义只局限于整体的一部分。其形式为:概括词all,both,every,everybody,everything,everywhere,always,altogether,entirely 和 wholly 等。例: There is a famous proverb saying that(闪

3、光的东西并非都是金子)答案:all that glitters is not gold(本题主要考察部分否定句。该谚语中,that glitters是一个定语从句,修饰前面的 all)完全否定句完全否定句是针对部分否定句而言,这种否定是彻底的。其形式为:no,none等否定词+肯定式谓语,常见的可以用于这一句型的否定意义的词有:no,none,nobody,nowhere,anyhow,neither,never等,在这一句型中,不定代词不能做主语。还有一种形式为all等概括词+肯定式谓语+含否定意义的词。例:Cheap as it is,but(我今天无论如何都买不到 )答案:anyhow

4、I will not buy it today(本题主要考察完全否定句,anyhow意思是无论如何都不”)此主题相关如下:I.Don t you be told that这两本书并非都是有益的 )2. Although most people like music,( 但并非人人都想去听音乐会)3. (他的一切计Ml都泡汤了),so don tcount on his fulfilling the task ontime.4.He is so excited(他此时此刻的心情是无法用语言来形容的)答案:1. both of the books are not helpful2. everyon

5、e don t want to go to the concert3. All his plan came to nothing4. that none of the words can describe his feelings大学生活类back issues 过期刊物cafeteria自助小餐厅call slip索书单campus校园club俱乐部catalogue 目录current account 现金帐户current issues 本期刊物deposit money in a bank 存钱dining hall 食堂dormitory 宿舍lecture hall阶梯教室libr

6、ary card 借书卡overdue and pay a fine 过期存款renew续借shopping mall/center 购物中心society学生团体student union 学生会withdraw/draw cash 取钱二.语句层次1.否定句双重否定句 其形式一为:主语 +cannot+help/refrain/keep+from+ 动名词。Help from, refrain from, keep from 等词具有抑制,忍住”等否定含义,与cannot等连用,具有双重否定的意义。例: Having won the gold medal,(他禁不住喜形于色)。答案:he

7、could not refrain from showing his pleasure.(本题考察双重否定句,refrain from的意思是 克制,避免”) 其形式二为:主语 +cannot+but/choose but/help but+动词原形。例: (我们别无选择只好另投旅馆住宿),since all the hotels here are with signs“Be Booked Up”.答案: We could not help but look for another one to stay in.(本题考察双重否定句,“cannot help but句型,注意这里but后要用动

8、词原形。) 其形式三为:(There be)no+主语+but+谓语。在此句型中,but是关系代词,即代替前面的名词,又 引导后面的从句,并且具有否定意义。例:He is so devoted to his experiment that(没有人感觉不到他对事业的热爱)。答案:not a man/no man but felt his love to his career(本题考察双重否定句型,“no主语+but+谓语”,no相当于not a或not any)1. (我们忍不住笑起来 )when he finished the story.2. (人们不能不被他的事迹所感动)after kno

9、wing the bachelor has adopted fiveorphans.3. Don t always stick to routines ,and you must know没有无例夕卜的规贝U )。答案:1. We could not help laughing2.One cannot but be moved by his deeds3.there is no rule but has its exceptions交通规则类amber light 黄灯red light 红灯crash撞车cross road十字路drive without license 无证驾驶exces

10、sive speed 超速green light 绿灯narrow road 窄路parking place 停车场speed limit速度限制traffic jam 交通拥挤traffic light 红绿灯traffic police 交通警察traffic regulation 交通规则Uzebra stripes 斑马二.语句层次2.判断句强调判断句 形式一:主语 +be+no/none+other than/but+表语(强调内容)例:Plants which refine crude ores are mind,(通常不是设在开采矿石的国家,而是设在其他国家)。答案:are of

11、ten located in countries other than those in which the crude ores are minded.(本题考察强调判断句型主语+be other than ”同时也考察了代词those指代前面出现过的复数名词的用法,those后接了一个定语从句) 形式二:主语 +be+nothing+(else) but/else than/less than+表语例: The rich have their annoyances because有些人除了钱之夕卜一无所有)。答案:someone have nothing but money(本题考察强调判

12、断句型主语+be+nothing+(else) but ” ,therich意思是 富人”,属于“the形容词表示一类人或物,表示一类人作主语时,谓语用复数,表示抽象事物时,谓语用单数。 形式三:It is/was+强调部分+that/who+从句例: (做那个实践的正是我父亲 )in the lab yesterday.答案:It was my father who did the experiment.(本题考察强调判断句型,强调的宾语是the experiment,引导词用who)1. The tall figure that I saw(不是别人,正是我们的校长 )。2. To eve

13、ryone s surprise,(他只是一味的笑 )。3. (这正是我父亲做的那个试验)in the lab yesterday.答案:1. was none other than our president2. he did nothing else than laugh3. It was the experiment that my father did(四)观光旅游类check-in登记入住check-out结账离开holiday resort 度假村one-way ticket 单程机票place of sightseeing 浏览胜地room-service客房服务round-tr

14、ip ticket 来回机票sightseeing tour 观光旅游star-rated hotel 星级饭店tour group 旅游团队tour guide 导游travel service 旅行社tourist attraction 旅游胜地vacation tour度假旅游二.语句层次2判断句(2)正反判断句 形式一一 :主语+be +not+表语 A +but+表语 B例: There are different opinions about the true meaning of life, but most people believe that(生命并不一定要漫长,但是要五彩

15、缤纷)。答案:life is not always long but it must be amazing(本题考察正反判断句,注意but后如果是一个完整的句子,主语一定要和前面的保持一致) 形式二:(It is) not that(who),but that (who) 例: It is not that I dislike the work,( 而是我没有时间 )答案:but that I have no time(本题考察正反判断句,注意 “not thatbut th中的两个that均不能省略)1am badly ill,( 不是肉体上,而是精神上 )。2.It is not heroes who create the people, but the people(仓U造英雄并推动历史向前)。3t is a big joke that(无论何时我听到它都忍不住笑起来)。

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