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1、第2讲段中类段中设空的题目即为主题句的展开句。此种类型要注意分析前后的逻辑性和内容的连贯性，注意句子之间的衔接手法。做题时，考生首先要依据信息词将选项进行排除，然后将剩下的可能答案逐一代入，看哪个选项能和设空处的前后内容达到语意连贯及逻辑通顺，从而最终确定最佳选项，得出答案。以下为依据逻辑关系去解题的常用方法：1 并列或递进关系解题指导并列或递进关系是指后一句对前一句是一种顺承逻辑关系。常见的表示并列关系的标志性词语有first(ly), second(ly), third(ly), next/then, finally/last, first of all, for one thing, f
2、or another thing, some . others ., to begin with, to conclude等；常见的表示递进关系的标志性词语有also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, whats more, not only . but also .等。典例(2016全国卷)Recall your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandm
3、as rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important. _39_how being in those gardens made us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. For each of those gardens, write down the
4、strongest memory you have. Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grownup garden. Have fun.CIts our experience of the garden that matters解析C空格前说“但那一点不重要”，由此可推测空格处会指出什么才是重要的，前后为顺承关系，因此C项(我们做园艺工作的体验才是重要的)，符合语境。2 转折或让步关系解题指导转折或让步关系是指后一句对前一句构成逆转逻辑关系。常见表示转折或让步关
5、系的标志性词语有but, however, nevertheless, still, yet, while/though/although, or/otherwise, instead, on the contrary, in contrast, in comparison, by comparison等。典例(2019全国卷)We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”. _36_ According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if
6、 the air quality in your camping area is good.EBut is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?解析E空格上一句的句意为：我们都是听着人们说的“出去呼吸点儿新鲜空气”长大的，空格下一句的句意为：答案是肯定的。可知设空处应是针对去户外呼吸新鲜空气是否真有好处的一个问句。由此可判断E项(但是新鲜空气真的像你妈妈总说的那样对你有好处吗？)，与前一句构成转折关系，逻辑合理，符合语境。3 因果关系解题指导因果关系是指后一句为前一句的结果(有时也为原因)。常见的标志性词语有s
7、o, therefore, thus, consequently, as a result (of), so/such . that ., so that, result in/from, lead to, due to, thanks to, owing to等。典例(2019全国卷)You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times
8、 when your heart is not in your work. _38_ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity (清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.AThis can affect your work.解析A根据空前“有时候你的心思不在工作上”，可知A项“这会影响你的工作”符合语境，两句之间为明显的因果关系。4 例证关系解题指导例证关系是前后句的某句是为了证明或解释另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳
9、(从例子到观点)和推理(观点到例子)。常见的标志性词语有for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words, that is (to say)等。典例(2016全国卷)There are three main types of cryptography. _37_ For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”EYou c
10、an hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.解析E本题可利用例证关系解题，为从观点到例子的思维方式。空格后的句子是例子，E项(你可以拼写每个单词的第一个字母来隐藏信息)为观点。过关检测(限时：20分钟)(2019甘肃兰州一诊)What is friendship? The answers may be different. _1_. We cannot live without friendship just as we cannot live without air and water. Fr
11、iendship gives us a feeling of safety and warmth, and friendship encourages us to go ahead all the time._2_. When we feel happy，we can share our happiness with friends. When we feel down, friends will comfort us. If we are overconfident, our friends can persuade us, and they can make us confident an
12、d brave when we are discouraged.Friendship is valuable. It can touch your heart and give you hope. Many people are proud of having a good friend. _3_. If you help your friends for no reason but simply because they are your friends, this means that you regard your friends as yourself. This is true fr
13、iendship. In fact, friendship isn t always easily kept. _4_， you should treat him or her like you want to be treated. Keep the secrets that your friend tells you. Keep your promise with your friend. Share things with your friend. Stick up for your friend. We should try our best to protect the friend
14、ship from being hurt. As an old saying goes, “Friendship cannot stand always on one side.” True friendship should be able to stand all kinds of tests.Because of friendship, our lives are full of happiness. Therefore, the more friends we have, the more pleasure we can share with them. Lets say “Thank
15、 you” to our friends for their love and care. _5_， never forget to keep the beautiful friendship!AWhen you want to keep a friendBIf not, their friendship still cannot last longCNo matter where we go or who we becomeDEveryone needs friends and is eager to get friendshipETrue friendship must be sincer
16、e and must not have conditionsFBut one thing is clear that friendship is the most important thing in our lifeGSometimes people have good friends when they are young and studying in school篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。每个人都需要友谊，友谊在我们的日常生活中是最重要的，本文论述了友谊的内涵。1F根据上文内容“什么是友谊？答案可能是不同的。”再根据空格下文内容“正如没有水和空气我们就不能生存一样，没有友谊我们不能生存。”可知，友谊在我们的日常生活中是最重要的。故
