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1、 状语从句 定义：用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1. 时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用when, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as 等连词来引导。It was raining hard when got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.He had learned
2、 a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)如果主句是一般将来时态/祈使句/含有情态动词，时间状语从句要用一般现在时。例如：(也就是主将从现)Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I can tell him everything when he comes back.Tell him to come here when he has time tomorrow.(3)til
3、l或until引导的时间状语从句，肯定式，其含义是“一直到时”，谓语动词用延续性动词。如果是否定式：not.untill 则表示：“直到才”, “在以前不”They worked until it was dark.他们一直工作到天黑。He didnt go to bed until it was 12 oclock last night.他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。Lets wait until the rain stops.We wont start until Bob comes.Dont get off until the bus stops.2. 条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if
4、（如果）, unless（除非）引导。(1) 如果主句是一般将来时态/祈使句/含有情态动词，条件状语从句要用一般现在时。例如：Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Ill help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.If the rain stops, I shall go out for a walk.如果雨停了，我就出去散步。I will com
5、e to see you if I have time.我有时间，我就来看你。(2)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or youll be late.=If you dont hurry up, youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.3. 原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as 引导。He didnt come to school
6、 because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：Why arent going there? Because I dont want to.As he has no c
7、ar, he cant get there easily.Since we have no money, we cant buy it.注意：because和so不能同用在一个句子里。4. 结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由sothat, suchthat引导。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her. (2)sothat语such.that可以互换。It was such a wonderful film that all of
8、 us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.注意：在由suchthat引导的结果状语从句中，such后可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。It was such a hot
9、day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling（天花板）.如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses(野玫瑰).He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema with you.5. 比较状语从句比较状语从句通
10、常由asas, 比较级 + than等连词引导。Tom runs faster than John does.This classroom is as big as that one.6. 目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that引导。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.Speak clearly so that they may understand y
11、ou. (目的状语从句)We used the computer in order that we might save time.注意：We used the computer in order that we might save time.=We used the computer in order to save time.7. 让步状语从句让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.注意：although(t
12、hough)和but不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.单项填空:1. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ba
13、ll with us? -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him. A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I dont
14、 remember _ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. dont; wh
15、en C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewe
