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1、2022年考博英语-中国艺术研究院考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Brazilian music is thoroughly imbued with African themes, and（ ）composers have long found inspiration in the black musical heritage.问题1选项A.imaginativeB.sensitiveC.distinguishedD.persistent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项imaginative “富于想象的，有创造力的”；B选项sensitive“敏感的”；C选项d
2、istinguished“卓越的，著名的”；D选项persistent“执着的，持续的”。句意“巴西音乐完全融入了非洲的主题，富有想象力的作曲家早就从黑人音乐传统中找到了灵感”。选项A符合语境。2. 单选题With the constant change of the conditions, the outcome is not always（ ）.问题1选项A.favorableB.predictableC.dependableD.reasonable【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项favorable“有利的，良好的”；B选项predictable“可预测的”；C选项dependab
3、le“可靠的，可信赖的”；D选项reasonable“合理的”。句意：随着环境的不断变化，结果并不总是可以预测的。选项B符合语境。3. 单选题Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite（ ）in the repetitive and mechanical form of the waltz.问题1选项A.lackingB.lackedC.lack ofD.for lack of【答案】A【解析】考查语法知识。空格处词语用来修饰前面的dance，所以是形容词性。lack 与dance之间是主动关系，因此应使用lack的现在分词形式
4、来修饰。所以选项A正确。4. 单选题The ink has faded with time and so parts of the letter were（ ）.问题1选项A.possibleB.indelibleC.disableD.illegible【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项possible“可能的，合理的”；B选项indelible“难忘的，擦不掉的”；C选项disable “使残废”；D选项illegible“难以辨认的，字迹模糊的”。句意：随着时间的推移，墨水已经褪色，所以信的某些部分难以辨认。选项D符合语境。5. 单选题You will get to the chur
5、ch more quickly if you take this（ ）across the fields.问题1选项A.trackB.passageC.methodD.journey【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项track“轨道，足迹，小道”；B选项passage“走廊，通道”；C选项method“方法”；D选项 journey“旅行，行程”。句意：如果你沿着这条小路穿过田野，到教堂会快一些。选项A符合语境。6. 单选题These actors failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now the
6、y have to（ ）the consequences.问题1选项A.answer forB.run intoC.abide byD.step into【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项answer for“因受罚，对负责”；B选项run into“遭遇，撞上”；C选项abide by“遵守，承担的后果”；D选项step into“进入”。句意：这些演员没有履行合同中的某些条款，现在他们必须对此结果负责。选项A符合语境。7. 单选题He is an actor of（ ）who has never abandoned his principles for the sake of his
7、own benefits.问题1选项A.integrityB.stabilityC.scarcityD.dignity【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项integrity“完整，正直，诚实”；B选项stability“稳定性，坚定”；C选项scarcity“不足，缺乏”；D选项dignity“尊严，高贵”。句意“他是一个正直的演员，从不为了自己的利益而放弃自己的原则。”选项A符合语境。8. 单选题They are bound to fail if they continue at the risk of all these dangers.问题1选项A.are unnecessaryB.a
8、re certainC.are simpleD.are alternative【答案】B【解析】考查词义辨析。根据句意：如果他们继续冒着所有这些危险，他们会失败。这里表示的是肯定的说法，be bound to意为“肯定，必然”。A选项are unnecessary“不必要的”；B选项are certain“必然的，确信的”；C选项are simple“简单的，单纯的”；D选项are alternative“供选择的”。选项B符合语境。9. 单选题It is hard to get any agreement on the precise meaning of the term social c
9、lass. In everyday life, people tend to have a different approach to those they consider their equals from that which they assume with people they consider higher or lower than themselves in the social scale. The criteria we use to place a new acquaintance, however, are a complex mixture of factors.
10、Dress, way of speaking, area of residence in a given city or province, education and manners all play a part.In the eighteenth-century one of the first modern economists, Adam Smith, thought that the whole annual produce of the land and labor of every country provided revenue to “three different ord
11、ers of people: Those who live by rent, those who live by wages, those who live by profit. Each successive stage of the industrial revolution, however, made the social structure more complicated.Many intermediate groups grew up during the nineteenth-century between the upper middleclass and the worki
12、ng class. There were small-scale industrialists as well as large ones, small shopkeepers and tradesmen, officials and salaried employees, skilled and unskilled workers, and professional men such as doctors and teachers. Farmers and peasants continued in all countries as independent groups.During the
13、 nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the possession of wealth inevitably affected a persons social position. Intelligent industrialists with initiative made fortunes by their wits which lifted them into an economic group far higher than their working-class parents. But they lacked the social tr
14、aining of the upper class, who despised them as the new rich.They often sent their sons and daughters to special schools to acquire social training. Here their children mixed with the children of the upper classes were accepted by them, and very often found marriage partners from among them. In the
15、same way, a thrifty, hard-working labourer, though not clever enough himself, might save for his son enough to pay for an extended secondary school education in the hope that he would move into a white-collar occupation, carrying with it a higher salary and move up in the social scale.In the twentieth century the increased taxation of higher incomes, the growth of the social services, and the wider development
