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1、2022年考博英语-东华大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 翻译题人类是一个不断自然进化过程的产物，其中包括无数次的遗传转化：这一不可阻挡的进程自45亿年前地球形成以来就一直未曾间断过。这一进化过程，受环境因素的影响，经过随机突变，形成了更具适应性的系统，从而保证了其连续性。在动物世界，这导致了更高级物种的进化，并在人类身上达到了极致，因为人类已经获得了创新思维的能力。我认为这标志着进化进入了一个非常重要的阶段，使一个物种首次有能力掌握了自身命运。Directions: In this part you are required to translate the followin
2、g paragraph from Chinese into English. Please write it on the Answer Sheet.【答案】Human beings are the product of a continuous process of natural evolution, including numerous genetic transformations: an inexorable process that has been going on uninterrupted since the earth formed 4.5 billion years ag
3、o. This evolutionary process, influenced by environmental factors, through random mutation, formed a more adaptable system, thus ensuring its continuity. In the animal world, this has led to the evolution of higher species, culminating in humans, who have acquired the ability to think creatively, th
4、ink this marks a very important stage in evolution, the first time a species has been able to control its own destiny.2. 单选题Robert had taken it for granted that his verbose and_ explanation of the facts would convince the jury of his innocence.问题1选项A.flabbyB.flimsyC.greasyD.glib【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项“
5、flabby”，意为“（肌肉）松弛的；肥胖的；软弱的；无力的”；B选项“flimsy”，意为“脆弱的；浅薄的；易损坏的”；C选项“greasy”，意为“油腻的；含脂肪多的；谄媚的”；D选项“glib”，意为“油腔滑调的；不诚恳的；肤浅的”。句意：罗伯特想当然地认为，他对事实的冗长而_圆滑_的解释会使陪审团相信他是清白的。因此D选项符合题意。3. 填空题Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered
6、line. You may have to change a word, add a word or detect a word. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word on the answer Sheet. If you add a word, put an insertion mark () in the correct place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and be sur
7、e to put a slash (/) on the Answer Sheet.【答案】1.【试题答案】 more改成most2.【试题答案】employed改为converted3.【试题答案】derived from后面添加定冠词the4.【试题答案】than改为that5.【试题答案】shortage改为storage6.【试题答案】constantly后面加being7.【试题答案】把up去掉8.【试题答案】is split改成are split9.【试题答案】把oxygen改为hydrogen10.【试题答案】把an改成the【解析】1. 【试题解析】考查形容词最高级的用法。这里是
8、一个最高级，the +形容词的最高级+ of表“最的”。2. 【试题解析】考查词义。employ是雇佣，与原文意思不搭，且上文有提到crops and trees, which are the most efficient converters of sunlight into energy，所以这里应该把employed改成converted, be converted into表示“被转化成、转换成为”。3. 【试题解析】考查定冠词。sun-warmed surface water这里是特指，要用定冠词the。4. 【试题解析】考查连词。than用于比较级，需要有比较的两个方面，显然原文没
9、有比较的另一方，且than后面的句子will drive electric power generators是做定语修饰heat，因此应该使用that引导定语从句。5. 【试题解析】考查词义。 这一句的意思是“交通运输和太阳能储存仍然是一个严重的问题”，前面提到了transportation，既然要运输那肯定要储存，所以用storage。6. 【试题解析】考查时态。constantly表持续性的，时态用进行时，这里热量是被产生，要用被动语态的一般现在进行时，所以是is constantly being produced。7. 【试题解析】考查固定搭配。come up to表示“达到（标准/水平
10、）、等于、符合（预期）”，句意：有时热量以熔岩和间歇泉的形式出现在地表；所以应该去掉up。8. 【试题解析】考查单复数。atoms of uranium这里atom用的复数，所以be动词应该用are。9. 【试题解析】考查词义。只有氢能才能聚变成核能，所以这里应该改为hydrogen，句意为：另一种正在发展的能源是某些氢原子的核聚变。10. 【试题解析】考查定冠词。原文这句话的意思是：此外，电力可以通过改进电池来提供，其中一些将使电动汽车在2000年以前成为经济上的可能。这里不是使一辆电动汽车而是所有的，所以要用定冠词the。4. 翻译题吸引大量观众的体育运动，为人们观赏青春的活力、速度和力量
11、提供了一个窗口。它所展示的技能水平强烈地吸引着人们。男性之所以比女性更直接地认同这种运动，是因为他们的童年经历和比赛所展示的阳刚之气。到20世纪70年代初，体育爱好者们对比赛不断增长的兴趣在电视联播中得到了进一步加强，并把职业运动转变成了利润丰厚的商业活动。结果，一些全新的俱乐部联合会雨后春笋般地涌现出来，与现有的体育组织展开竞争，并以诱人的工资来吸引运动员加盟。随着体育变得更像传统的商业活动，越来越多的运动员寻找他们的经纪人，代表他们参加工资谈判。现在，职业体育运动已经进入一个新时代。Directions: In this part you are required to turn the
12、following paragraph into English. Please write it on the ANSWER SHEET.【答案】【参考译文】Sports that attract large audiences provide a window on the vigor, speed and power of youth. People are strongly attracted to the skill levels it shows. Men identify with the sport more directly than women because of the
13、ir childhood experiences and the masculinity of the game.By the early 1970s, fans growing interest in the game was reinforced by television networks and turned professional sports into a lucrative business. As a result, entirely new club federations sprung up to compete with established sports organ
14、izations and lure away players with attractive salaries. As sports become more like a traditional business, more and more athletes seek out their agents to represent them in salary negotiations. Now, professional sports have entered a new era.5. 单选题Hot metal _ as it grows cooler.问题1选项A.contractsB.re
15、ducesC.condensesD.compresses【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A项contract“收缩、订约”；B项reduce“减少”；C项condense“浓缩、凝结”；D项compress“压缩、压紧、精简”；句意：热金属一变冷就收缩。因此该题A项正确。6. 单选题A historic change is taking place in higher education. Professors are being held responsible as never before for how well they serve students. It has become as common in colleges and universities for students to grade professors as for professors to grade students. In fact student ratings (评价) have become the most widely used and in many cases the only important information on teaching effectiveness. In comparing three studies of the same 600
