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1、2022-2023年考博英语-山东大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题The UN official said aid programs will be _ until there is adequate protection for relief personnel.问题1选项A.multipliedB.arrestedC.spannedD.suspended【答案】D【解析】动词词义辨析。multiple “增加”；arrest “逮捕”；span “跨越”；suspend “推迟，延缓”。句意：这位联合国官员说救援项目将会被推迟，直到对救援人员有足够的保护为止。选项D符合题意。2.
2、单选题John was so in his book that he did not hear the doorbell ring.问题1选项A.engagedB.occupiedC.absorbedD.concentrated【答案】C【解析】形容词词义辨析。absorbed “全神贯注的”；engaged “使用中的”；occupied “已占用的”；concentrated “集中注意力的”，本题用be absorbed in“全神贯注于”更为合适。句意：约翰如此全神贯注地阅读书籍，以至于他没有听到门铃。选项C符合题意。3. 单选题In Scotland, as in the rest
3、of the United Kingdom, （ ）schooling begins at age 5 and ends at age 16.问题1选项A.compellingB.forcedC.obligedD.compulsory【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。compelling “强制的”；forced “被迫的”；obliged “有责任的”；compulsory “必修的，义务的”。句意：在苏格兰，就像在英国的其他地方一样，义务教育是从5岁到16岁。选项D符合题意。4. 单选题The mountain peak is（ ）on the horizon.问题1选项A.straddl
4、ingB.overlookingC.toweringD.dominant【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。straddling “跨坐”；overlooking “俯瞰”；towering “高耸的，超越的”，侧重于与周围环境形成比较；dominant “占优势的，显性的”，be dominant on “占主导”。句意：山顶耸立在地平线上。题目中山峰没有和周围环境形成比较，在地平线上最显眼。选项D符合题意。5. 翻译题1.There was once a harmony town in this country where all life seemed to live in with its s
5、urroundings.2.The government has devoted a larger slice of its national budget to agriculture than most other countries.3.If there were only a dozen or so air molecules in my kitchen, it would be likely if I waited a year or so一that at some point the six coldest ones would congregate inside the free
6、zer.4.Instead of a global village, which is a nice dream but impossible to manage, we will have invented another world of self-contained communities that cater to their own members inclinations without interfering with anyone else.5.Its goal is to find out how the world works, to seek what regularit
7、ies there may be, to penetrate to the connections of thingsfrom subnuclear particles, which may be the constituents of all matter, to living organisms, the human social community, and thence to the cosmos as a whole.Translate the following sentences into Chinese【答案】1. 这个国家曾经有一个和谐的小镇，所有的生命几乎和周围的环境都和谐
8、相处。2. 政府把国家大部分的预算都用于农业，比其他国家都要多。3. 如果我的厨房里只有十几个空气分子，似乎我需要等待一年左右，在某个时刻，六个最冷的分子会聚集在冰箱里。4. 我们不是要建立一个美好但是难于管理的全球村，而是建立一个由独立群体组成的世界，这些群体在不干涉他人的情况下迎合自己的喜好。5. 它的目标是探究出世界的运行机制，寻求可能存在的规律，并且渗透到事物之间的联系中去从构成所有物质的亚核粒子，到生物体，到人类社会群体，甚至整个宇宙。6. 单选题If it is true that morality cannot exist without religion, then does
9、not the erosion of religion herald the _ of morality?问题1选项A.regulationB.basisC.beliefD.collapse【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。regulation “管理，规则”；basis “基础”；belief “信仰”；collapse “倒塌，失败”。句意：如果道德离不开宗教是真实的，那么宗教腐朽不就意味着道德丧失吗？选项D符合题意。7. 单选题Henrys news report covering the conference was so（ ）that nothing had been omitted.
10、问题1选项A.comprehensiveB.comprehensibleC.understandingD.understandable【答案】A【解析】近义形容词词义辨析。comprehensive “完全的，无所不包的”；comprehensible “能懂的，可以理解的”；understandable “（行为）可以理解的”；understanding“善于理解的”。句意：亨利对于这个会议的报道是相当全面的，没有什么漏掉的信息。选项A符合题意。8. 单选题Many of the conditions that _ population pressures overcrowding, une
11、mployment, poverty, hunger and illness lead to dissatisfaction.问题1选项A.bring forwardB.give rise toC.feed up withD.result from【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析。bring forward “提出，提前”； give rise to “引起”； feed up with “对厌烦”； result from “起因于”。句意：许多由于人口压力导致的条件，过度拥挤、失业、贫困、饥饿和疾病，导致了不满。选项D符合题意。9. 翻译题This will be particularly
12、true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.【答案】这种情况将是确定无疑的，能源匮乏将使高能量消耗这种美国生产方式将很难在农业继续下去，而这种耕种方式使少量农民联合起来获得高产量成为可能。10. 单选题This new book has received several reviews since it
13、s publication; but none of them have made a just （ ） of the book.问题1选项A.calculationB.evaluationC.profitD.register【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析。calculation “估计”；evaluation “评价”；profit “利润”；register “注册”。句意：这本书出版以来已经获得了几个评论，但是没有一个评论是表示对这本书的评价。选项B符合题意。11. 单选题How large a proportion of the sales of stores in or near r
14、esort areas can be _ to tourist spending?问题1选项A.attributedB.appliedC.contributedD.attached【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。attributed to “归因于”；applied to “应用于”；contributed to “有助于”；attached to “附属于”。句意：在度假胜地或附近，商店销售额中有多大的比例可以归因于旅游消费？选项A符合题意。12. 单选题The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be “all things to all people”. In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to p
