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1、On the Translation of English Loan Words Abstract: Loan words, are also known as foreign words, or borrowed words. Many scholars have done researches on the translation of loan words, but there are still some confusion phenomenon about it. Based on the summary of former reseachers, this paper analyz
2、es the translation of loan words from three aspects: background, principles, and techniques of translation. In Chapter 1, this paper analyses background of the translation of loan words, in order to make the reader get an general idea about it. In Chapter 2, it demonstrates principles of the transla
3、tion of loan words to make the translation more standard. In Chapter 3, it introduces techniques which can be applied in translating new loan words, namely: transliteration, free translation, partial tone, transliteration and paraphrase, and participation of foreign words. The study of these three a
4、spects aims to standardize the translation of loan words, accordingly to promote the development of Chinese language.Key words: loan words, principle, translationIntroduction: With the development of science and technology, there are more and more culture exchanges between different nations, especia
5、lly language mergence. Language is the carrier of culture, and vocabulary is the most active part of language, so borrowing words is an inevitable linguistic phenomenon in communication between different cultures. Loan words, also called foreign words, or borrowed words, have existed in Chinese for
6、a long time. In Chinese there are a large number of loan words borrowed from English, which concern almost any field of the social life. There are many ways to classify loan words from many aspects. In this thesis, the writer classifies loan words, in accordance with the fields in which they are use
7、d, into four types: 1.loan words concerning science and technology; 2.loan words concerning literature, sports and arts; 3.loan words concerning polities and economy; 4.loan words concerning peoples daily life. Loan words have greatly enriches Chinese vocabulary, promoting the development of Chinese
8、 language. They also provided native speakers of Chinese language with new information and broadened their vision. Loan words are introduced into Chinese from foreign languages. During the process of this introduction, translation is the only channel. Good translation of loan words is very significa
9、nt, so the study of the translation of loan words is of great significance in both theory and practice. In theory, it is an indispensable part of the translation theory and lexicology, and can facilitate the study of sociology and cultural psychology. In practice, such research can help us understan
10、d what theoretical principles we should observe and what techniques we can employ according to specific contexts and situations in translating loan words. Although the practice of translation has existed for a long time, its translation theory is still a new field for us to probe into. Therefore, re
11、cently the translation of loan words has always been the problem that receives great attention from translators, linguists and experts in many subjects. In this paper, the author studies the techniques of translation of loan words, which are respectively, transliteration, free translation, partial t
12、one, transliteration and paraphrase, and participation of foreign words, in order to find a reliable and operable standard and direction for the translation of new loan words.1 Introduction of Loan Words Before going into the loan word translation, it is essential for us to make a clear definition o
13、f loan word, and have a review on previous literatures concerning loan words, so as to get an overall idea of this field.1.1 Definition of Loan Words According to the dictionary, “loan words” can be defined as “words of one language taken into another and naturalized” (Websters New World College Dic
14、tionary, the third edition: 1995). However, on the definition of loan words, linguists differ from one another. There are mainly two groups of opinions:Some linguists in one group (such as Gao Mingkai，Wang Li) hold that, strictly speaking, words whose sound and meaning are borrowed from another nati
15、on namely phonetic loan are loan words. That is, only phonetic loans are regarded as loan words.However, others (such as Deng Dian, Lu Shuxiang, Pan Yunzhong) agree that, there was once a time when we adopted a number of new words from foreign languages through language transplantation, these new wo
16、rds are known as loan words or borrowings. Loan words refer to the words which are borrowed from another nation (both at home and abroad). In another way, both phonetic loans and translated loans are loan words.“Languages, like culture, are rarely sufficient unto themselves.”(Sapir 1921:205)1. So do words. The writer prefers Shi Youweis idea, Loan words which are“foreign”, borrowed into Chinese from other languages and denoting things of different cultures
