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1、阅读理解二轮训练（5）社会文化（阅读理解）由 (2013陕西,C)改编According to sociologists(社会学家),every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(阶层).Class,power and status are important in deciding peoples rank in society.Class means a persons economic position in society.A commonly used classification is
2、lower class,middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined,they do describe societies like the United States quite well.One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class,46% the middle class,and 1% the upper class.Interestingly,a s
3、urgeon earning $500,000 a year and a bus driver earning$50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.Obviously,people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise(行使)big power,but people who take orders from
4、 others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand,however.For example,the governor of a state has great power,but he or she may not belong to a corresponding(相应的)economic class.Generally,however,there is a relationship between power and class.To our knowledge,there arent too many
5、 people who arent millionaires in the U.S.Senate!Status is the honor or respect attached to a persons position in society.It can also be affected by power and class,but not necessarily so.For example,a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of
6、 power over others.1.What can we learn about “the middle class” from Paragraph 2?()A.People earning $50,000 a year belong to the middle class.B.Nearly half Americans belong to the middle class.C.People generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.D.Sociologists have a clear definition of the m
7、iddle class.2.According to the text,we know that .A.power and class do not always correspond with each otherB.status refers to a persons economic position in societyC.people with high status have a lot of control over othersD.class is less important in deciding a persons social rank3.Which of the fo
8、llowing shows the structure of the whole text?()语篇解读:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在现代工业社会中的阶级、权力以及社会地位的不同含义及相互之间的关系。答案及剖析:1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class,46% the middle class,and 1% the upper class.”可知,将近一半的美国人属于中产阶级。故B项正确。2.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Power and class do not al
9、ways go hand in hand”以及后面所举的例子可知,权力和阶级并不总是一致的。3.A篇章结构题。通读全文可知,文章首先在第一段总述了“Class,power and status are important in deciding peoples rank in society.”然后分别在第二、三、四段说明了class,power以及status的含义及划分,故文章为“总分”结构。故答案为A。【疑难词汇解读】 1.regard sb.as将某人认为是She is widely regarded as the current leaders natural successor.人
10、们普遍认为她是现任领导的当然继承者。2.hand in hand密切关联Wealth and power go hand in hand in most societies.在大多数社会里,财富和权力都是密切相关的。【长难句子分析】 有趣的是,年薪50万美元的外科医生和年薪5万美元的公交车司机都称自己为中产阶级。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。As the thrills of the London 2012 Olympic Games fade, the focus now is on the 2016 Olympic Games in Br
11、azil. Over the next two years it hosted the FIFA Confederation Cup in June 2013 and will host the FIFA World Cup in 2014. Brazil has taken steps to increase the economic profits by safeguarding the interests of broadcasters and funders. In 2009, the Brazil passed the Brazilian Olympic Act and the so
12、-called World Cup Law in 2012, which are designed to fight ambush(隐性)marketing and digital piracy(盗版), and regulate advertising in and around official sporting sites. The Brazilian World Cup Law goes much further in protecting the interests of right owners than Brazils pre-existing legislation(立法)in
13、 this area, the so-called Pele Law. For example, the World Cup Law bans anyone but the official broadcaster from using images of events. However, it does permit use for non-commercial purposes. It also requires that FIFA or its local broadcaster provide highlights up to two hours after each match. O
14、ther items allow protection of trademarks associated with the event and ban unauthorized association with the events marks. The Pele Law permits, as an information right, both access to sporting sites and the use of images for journalistic purposes. It is, however, unlikely that such an understandin
15、g will be gained in relation to the World Cup Law which governs access to and use of images specifically in relation to the FIFA World Cup 2014. Although the Brazilian Olympic Act regulates the IP(知识产权)relating to the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio, it remains silent on broadcasting rights. Whatever the
16、benefits, it seems clear that IP rights in general, and broadcasting rights in particular, will continue to play a key role in bringing in funds. If past experience is anything to go by, Rio 2016 not only promises new sporting achievements, but also the breaking of new records in terms of profits produced from the sale of broadcasting and other media rights. 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了巴西保护知识
