《现在时练习题答案老师专用》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《现在时练习题答案老师专用（13页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、时态讲解：现在完成时1现在完成时通常表示过去发生或已经完成的*一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。Im sure weve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。She has arrived. 她到了。2表示开场于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for, since,yet等。如：I havent heard from her these days. 这些日子我没
2、有收到她的信。We havent seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday.3. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间重复发生的动作. We have had four te*ts this semester. 6. have been to 和have gone to的区别have been to 强调“去过，现已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA three times.他到美国
3、去过三次。过去“到美国，现在已“不在美国have gone to主要强调的是“去了，现在人不在说话的现场，如：-Wheres your mother -你妈妈在哪？-She has gone to the hospital. -她去医院了。一 构造1.肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他2.否认句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他3.一般疑问句：have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他 Yes, 主语+have/has. No , 主语+have/has+not4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他二 常和现在完成时一起
4、连用的时间状语注意:.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非与for, since连用.1.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用如already肯定, yet否认，疑问, just, before, recently, still, lately，Just, already, yet, ever, never, before, twice(重复性时间)， for+短时间， since+点时间， so far, how long 提问的疑问句中.He has
5、 already obtained a scholarship. I havent seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet 2. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如ever, never, twice, several times等: Have you ever been to Beijing I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. I have used
6、this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman several times.3. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在的时间状语连用,如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等: Peter has written si* papers so far. Up to the present everything has been successful. 三 当现在完成时与表示短时间的时间状
7、语连用时，谓语动词必须使用延续性动词。如果谓语动词是非延续性动词则转化为对应的延续性动词。 假设不是和短时间连用，则不用转化。英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，使用中应注意两者的区别。1. 持续性动词: 表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。常见的study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean , sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, sit, stand, lie, keep等。2. 瞬间性动词: 表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。常见的-begin, start, fini
8、sh, go, e, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, bee, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off等3. 瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，通常用意思相当的持续性动词来替换He has been in the army/a soldier for three years. 他参军已有3年了。不用ha
9、s joined She has been up for quite some time. 她起床已有好久了。不用has got up Has your brother been away from home for a long time 离家已有好久了吗？不用has left 常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系：1、gobe away 2、ebe here 3、e backbe back 4、leavebe awaybe not here 5、buyhave 6、borrowkeep 7、diebe dead 8、beginbe on 9、finishbe over 10、openbe ope
10、n 11、closebe closed 12、losebe lost 13、get to knowknow 14、turn onbe on 15、get upbe up 16、sit downsit/beseated 17、joinbe in或be amember 18、beebe4. 瞬间动词的否认形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用例如：I havent seen you for a long time.好久没见到你了。 四 区别下面三组词Have been to 表示去过*地方，不过现在已经回来Have gone to 表示去了，还未回来Have been in 表示一直在*个地方五现在完成
11、时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果确实和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在；而一般过去时表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。I have just been to London. I went there last month. 我刚去过伦敦，是上个月去的。1. 过去时表示过去*时发生的动作或单纯表达过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。2. 过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last we
12、ek，ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 共同的时间状语:this morning, tonight, this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately 现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,六 现在完成时的反义疑问句的构造主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他， have/has+not+主语主语+have/has+
13、not+动词过去分词+其他， have/has+主语七 现在完成时考点例析一、考察其构成助动词have (has) +动词过去分词构成现在完成时。如：1. Kates never seen Chinese films，_ A. hasnt she B. has she C. isnt she D. is she析：述句局部含否认词never,简单问句局部要用肯定式，又因Kates是Kate has的缩写，应选B。2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否认句)His uncle _ posted the photos to h
14、im _. 析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否认句、疑问句中，故填hasnt, yet。3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have析：so+助/系/情态动词+主语构造中的动词形式应与前句构造中动词形式保持一致，又后句的主语为her parents是复数,应选D。二、考察其用法与标志词(一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。如：1. -Mum, may I go out and play basket
15、ball -_you_ your homework yet A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished2. -_ you _anywhere before -Yes, but I cant remember where I_A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed析：据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时，故1题选D，2题选D。(二)当句中有for +段时间或since +点时间等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须
