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1、2022研究生入学-英语一考试全真模拟卷（附答案带详解）1. 问答题：The American healthcare system has a unique problem with paperwork.The sheer number of participants-physicians,hospitals,clinics,insurance companies,patients-makes settling payments complicated,time-consuming and really expensive.The share of U.S.healthcare spendin
2、g devoted to administrative costs is roughly three times what it is in other affluent countries.And its a major reason the U.S.spends twice as much on healthcare.Some health clinics employ more clerks than care providers-not just to generate invoices but to send along the patient information insurer
3、s need to approve treatments,to dispute insurer decisions denying payment,to fix mistakes,to handle patientsquestions,and on and on.For every I billion in revenue,the healthcare system employs the equivalent of 770 full-time people to settle the bills.Thats almost eight times more than other industr
4、ies.And doctors have to spend inordinate time dealing with red tape.Of course,if the U.S.were to magically switch to a single-payer healthcare system,these expenses would fall dramatically.The government would simply determine prices and write checks without dispute,as Medicare does for its direct b
5、eneficiaries.But such a change is neither realistic nor desirable in a country where half the population has employer-sponsored insurance.That said,its still possible to trim administrative costs within the existing system.The best way to do so is for providers and insurers to standardize their bill
6、ing practices and modernize their computer systems he federal government has long pushed for such efficiency.A 1996 law set some preliminary standards for the electronic processing of claims,payments and other transactions.But they werent nearly enough,and insurers could still complicate invoices by
7、 requesting additional patient data.The HITECH Act of 2009 and the Affordable Care Act of 2010 gave providers further incentives to adopt electronic records and make them more uniform.Yet to a large extent,insurance companies continue to maintain distinct billing codes and torms,and providers still
8、use separate computer systems for medical records and billing-making it im possible to automate claims processing.In this,healthcare stands apart from almost every other industry.Think of the way banks,for example,have standardized their operations to enable all customers to use the same ATMs and cr
9、edit-card readers.The federal government needs to keep pushing for standardized electronic health systems,and also to change how healthcare prices are set.Bundled care and other alternatives to the fee-for-service model could greatly streamline billing.Patients have increasing cause to demand such c
10、hange.With premiums,co-pays and deductibles rising,U.S.consumers now pay more for their health care than their employers do.Administrative inefficiency adds another layer of needless expense.Billing shouldnt have to be so complicated,or costly答案： 本题解析：美国医疗支出中用于行政费用的比例大约是其他富裕国家的三倍。这是一个简单句,主语为The shar
11、e of u.S.healthcare spending devoted to administrative costs,系动词为is,表语为roughly three time ghat it Is other affluent countries o文常来国费不器表示倍数的句型归纳:倍数as+形容词或副词原级+as如:This bridge is three times as long as that one.这座桥是那座桥的三倍长。倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than,如:This bridge is three times longer than that one,这座桥是那座桥的三倍
12、长。倍数+the size/length/weight+比较对象x如:This bridge is three times the length of that one这座桥是那座桥的三倍长。如:The college is twice what it was 5 years ago所大学是它五年前的两倍大。2. 问答题：Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written n
13、eatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigrationone of the great folk wanderings of historyswept from Europe to America. 1. This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out o
14、f a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.2. The United States is the product of two principal forcesthe immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified t
15、hese traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. 3. But the force of geogr
16、aphic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.4. The first shiplo
