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1、2022年考博英语-中国农业科学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The governments loss of control resulted from a growing ineffectiveness of the whole bureaucratic machine, as had occurred before in the dynastic cycles. Such decline has been（ ）corruption, so often mentioned in Chinese sources.问题1选项A.ascribed toB.resulted from
2、C.resulted inD.caused【答案】A【解析】考查短语搭配。A选项be ascribed to“归因于”；B选项result from“由于，起因于”；C选项result in“导致”；D选项cause“引起”，根据空处的意思，此处为被动形式，只有A在这里可以使用被动。句意：政府的失控整个官僚机器的日渐无能，这正如以前的朝代循环一样。这样的能力下滑归因于腐败，腐败在中国经常被提及。因此A选项正确。2. 单选题The history of Lis career took its special course because it occurred at the end of imp
3、erial times, when institutional problems of traditional Chinese history became（ ）new elements brought in by the impact of the West.问题1选项A.togetherB.separatedC.unitedD.merged with【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义以及固定搭配辨析。A选项together“新潮的，情绪稳定的”；B选项separated“分开的，分居”；C选项united“一致的，统一的”；D选项merged with“与结合；与联合”。merged wit
4、h与融合，结合，由题干可知，中国传统以及西方新元素会产生融合。排除A选项，B选项；空格处前是become，后面是new elements，宾语，根据语法结构，不能直接在空格处加入形容词，代入C选项无法组成完整的句子，不符合语法结构，空格处填入的词应和become一起构成谓语。句意：当中国传统历史的体制问题与在西方影响下引入的新元素相时，由于处于帝国时期的末期，李的职业历史便走向了一条特殊的道路。因此D选项正确。3. 单选题Because of its favorable climate, its easy access to the principal silk and tea produci
5、ng area, and its（ ）to the main interior trade routes, Shanghai attracted more foreign attention than any other port in China.问题1选项A.distanceB.in the neighborhoodC.proximityD.in the neighborhood of【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义短语搭配辨析。A选项distance“距离”；B选项in the neighborhood“在附近”；C选项proximity“接近”；D选项in the neighborhoo
6、d of“在附近”。proximity to邻近某段，为固定搭配。句意：宜人的气候，进入丝绸茶叶的主产地的便利以及国内主要的商业圈，让上海比中国其他地区更能引起外国的注意。因此C选项正确。4. 不定项选择题Corporate and financial restructuring was not the reason for Japans commercial（31）. But it will be essential to the countrys future. Japans（32）production capacity will disappear. That fact, combine
7、d with the（33）labor force, will gradually depress the long-term growth rate to just 1 percent for two decades. Such a tepid growth rate could invite a financial crisis. The national debt has reached a vertiginous 160 percent of GDP.（34）this problem is the impending retirement of a large proportion o
8、f the work force. To thwart these trends, Japan must（35）taxes significantly, something that will only be possible if aggressive structural reforms have been put in place to raise production capacity and facilitate faster growth.Japan, however, is having second thoughts about the benefits of reform.
9、The first warning（36）was a series of bureaucratic attempts to prevent foreigners from earning “inordinate” profits from the（37）in the economy. Tokyo decided last year to impose a tax on foreign investors in Japanese real（38）. The government has also proposed a levy on foreign private-equity that wou
10、ld allow domestic companies to use “poison pills” and other measures to prevent（39）mergers and acquisitions. The cumulative effect of these initiatives would be to（40）the catalytic process of foreign direct investment.问题1选项A.boomB.prosperityC.flowerD.resurgence问题2选项A.extraB.surplusC.additionalD.more
11、问题3选项A.growingB.expandingC.shrinkingD.contracting问题4选项A.ExacerbatingB.ImprovingC.Turning for the betterD.Deteriorate问题5选项A.hikeB.decreaseC.go upD.go down问题6选项A.signB.signalC.arrivalD.coming问题7选项A.addictionB.tangleC.involvementD.entanglement问题8选项A.propertyB.housingC.possessionsD.estate问题9选项A.friendly
12、B.kindC.hostileD.cruel问题10选项A.encourageB.discourageC.pushD.drag【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:A第6题:B第7题:C第8题:D第9题:C第10题:B【解析】31.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项boom“繁荣”；B选项prosperity“繁荣，成功”；C选项flower“花，精华”；D选项resurgence“复活，再现”，根据上下文，可推测，这里应该讲的日本商业繁荣，可排除C、D选项，commercial boom“商业繁荣”为固定搭配，可排除B选项。句意：公司和金融重组不是日本商业的
13、原因。因此A选项正确。32.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查形容词词词义辨析。A选项extra“额外的”；B选项surplus“剩余的，过剩的”；C选项additional“附加的”；D选项more“更多的”。四个选项中的词都有“过多，额外”的意思，又根据“production capacity生产能力”，可知此处表示的应该是“生产力过剩”，即“surplus production capacity”。句意：日本的生产能力将会消失。因此B选项正确。33.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项growing“生长；发育”；B选项expanding“扩大；扩展”；C选项shrinking
14、“缩水，收缩”；D选项contracting“收缩，缩小”，前面提到生产力过剩将会消失，后面又提到增长率的下降，所以我们可知该空表达的是“劳动力区域短缺”，即“shrinking labor force”，因为生产力不足结合劳动力不足，就会导致增产率的下降，甚至招来金融危机。因此C选项正确。34.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项Exacerbating“恶化”；B选项Improving“提高；改善”；C选项Turning for the better“好转”；D选项Deteriorate“恶化”。该空前一句的意思是“国民债务已经达到了GDP的160%”。所以此处的意思是“大量
15、的劳动力的即将退休将会加剧这个问题”，四个选项中表示“加剧，恶化”的是A。D虽然也有此意，但形式不对，应该用动词ing的形式。因此A选项正确。35.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项hike“远足”；B选项decrease“减少，减小”；C选项go up“增长；上升”；D选项go down“下降”。如果要解决前面的问题，就必须增收赋税。四个选项中hike, go up 表示“提高”，但是“go up”是不及物动词，只能表示“tax goes up”，所以答案为A。因此A选项正确。36.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项sign“迹象”；B选项signal“信号；暗号”；C选项arrival“到来；到达”；D选项coming“到来”。warning signal表示警告信号，符合文章
