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1、八年级英语（下）-状语从句学案（2010-01-06） 一 状语从句：状语从句和宾语从句一样，语序也用疑问词+陈述语序，即：疑问词+主语+谓语+其它。，并且要注意从句与主句之间的时态问题。二 状语从句的种类及引导词：1 时间状语从句的从属连词有：(The Conjunctions of Adverbial Clauses of Time )1 when（时间或前/后）2while（2个动作同时发生）3as (2动作同时发生“一边。一边”) e.g. As he walks , he listened to .4since 自从 5after 6before 7until=till, 8as s
2、oon as = no soon than, hardly .when,scarcelywhen. （when=whenever+句子）9the first time + sentence 2. 条件状语从句,引导词有(The conjunctions of adverbial clauses of condition ):1if 2unless = if not : e.g. Youll be late again unless you hurry. 2 as / so long as =so far as “只要”: e.g. As /So long as you promise to c
3、ome , Ill wait for you until you come.= Only if you promise to come ,.)3 once一旦,一就.: e.g.: Once she arrives , we can start. = The moment she arrived , we would start .= As soon as / Immediately /Directly he came home , I told him about it. 4 in case万一/如果: e.g. In case it rains , do not wait for me .
4、5 on condition that = providing that = provided that = supposing that = given that 只要/如果e.g.: Ill do it on condition you help me . e.g.: Providing /Supposing /Given / Provided that you promise not to tell any else ,Ill explain the secret.(在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时) 3. 原因状语从句引导词有（The Conjun
5、ctions of Adverbial Clauses of Cause）：1because (语气最重) 2as(“由于”,表原因,语气最弱,句首, 不用于强调结构)e.g.: As he was in a hurry, he left his bag home. 3since（“既然”句首,与as一样,表示对方已知的事实,不用于强调句）e.g.: Since she cant answer this question , its better to ask someone else. 4for(“因为”,句尾，作附加说明):We should be more careful , for i
6、t is already dark. 5now that ( “既然” 句首,口语):e.g.: Now that you understand it, I neednt explain again. e.g. Now that you have grown up, you shouldnt depend on your parents.(rely on)6for the reason that+同位语从句说明reason的原因,句尾):e.g. : I often buy junk food for the simple reason that I like snack , 7in that
7、 (书面语中“由于某点原因,因为”), e.g. I like the country in that theres fresher air. 8be glad / happy / surprised that 的that的从句，视为原因从句） 4. 目地状语从句引导词有（The conjunctions of adverbial clauses of purpose）: 1so. that .:e.g.: He studied so hard that he may catch up with me .(句中有may 表目的) 2so that (“以便”句尾):e.g.: I walk s
8、lowly so that you can catch up with me . 3in order that（句尾/首“为了”）e.g.: The teacher spoke slowly in order that the students can follow her.4for fear that(唯恐，以防” 句尾) e.g.: I am working careful for fear that I should fail.5in case(“目的是以防,万一有某种情况发生”) :Youd better take an umbrella in case it rains（目的状语从句
9、可放句首，以强调目的，而且可与不定式介词短语可互换，当主语一致时;必要时，可用for引出逻辑主语；在目的从句中，常有can ,could , may might ,will would） e.g.: We sat in the front of the room so that we could hear the teacher.- We sat in the front of the room in order to / so as to + hear the teacher.(so that in order to do / so as to do )e.g. Mom gets up ea
10、rly to cook so that I can go to school on time.- Mom gets up early to cook in order for me / so as for me to go to school on time.( so that in order for sb to do/ so as for sb to do )(但是用不定式表目的时,变为简单句)5. 结果状语从句引导词有( The conjunctions of adverbial clauses of results )： （so +adj / adv + that or such +
11、n + that 都表示结果从句）1so that: e.g.: We got to the station so that we caught the train in time.2【1】so+adj +that 【2】so+adv+that 【3】so+ many +c +that 【4】so+much +u+that 【5】so +little +u +that 【6】so +few +c+that (6种), 3【1】such +a +adj +单名+that 【2】such adj +pl+that 【3】such adj +u +that(3种)（结果从句只能放句尾such+n +
12、that, 无情态动词，主句为因，从句为果）6. 让步状语从句引导词有(The conjunctions of adverbial clauses of concession):1though (adv /conj),= although ：(俩者可互换，although 更正式，可用yet or still 引出主句，但不用but. 可用于倒装句; though 可用作副词，而although 则不能） e.g.：Thought / Although he works hard , (yet / still) he makes very slow progress .2even though
13、= , even if（尽管，即使,语气更强）e.g.: Even though =Even if learning is slow and painful(艰苦), the result is wonderful。/ Even though /if you say so , I dont believe it. 3as =though =although +倒装句“尽管”e.g. : Pop star as / thought / although she is, she still to improve.- Fail as / though / although I did , I wou
14、ld never give up.-Try as you may , you will never succeed.（陈述语气）Even if I was busy now , I would go.（虚拟语气）5whether or not（不管,不论）Every student should go to school .whether he is rich or poor 6whatever（不管,无论）=no matter what clause: whatever = No matter what you do .Ill support you. Ill wait for you ho
15、wever late = no matter how late it is. 7whichever , whoever , whomever, whosever , wherever, however, e.g.: Whenever = No matter when +she comes , she is always late. = At any time when she comes (定从) ，she is always late . （在名词性从句中，只能用wh-ever. 而让步从句中可用no matter+ wh-词）7. 地点状语从句引导词有(The conjunctions of adverbial clauses of place)：1where: Where there is a will , there is a way.- We live where the road crosses the river =Attr-clause = We live a place where the road crossed the river.2anywhere ；You can go anywhere you like = You can go any place where you like.3everywher
