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1、2022年考博英语-江苏大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 翻译题Markets in stocks and commodities form a vital part of the American economic system. Millions of individuals buy and sell small lots of stocks and commodities while mutual funds and trusts trade in large lots. In good times, when it appears that prices will rise
2、, money from savings or from other types of investment comes into market. When this happens, prices are driven higher. Often a period of speculation follows in which the “bull”, those who make money on a rising market, are in the ascendancy. When the market can no longer sustain the speculative feve
3、r, a reaction sets in, selling develops, and prices begin to fall. At this point the “bears”, or those who make money in a falling market, are fortunate. Americans buy almost everything on credit, and stocks are no exception. Usually an investor can make a stock purchase by paying 50 percent down an
4、d getting a loan on the remainder. This is called “margin” of 50 percent. The balance is borrowed from the brokerage as security.【答案】股票和期货市场构成了美国经济系统中的一个重要环节。数以百万计的个人买卖少量的股票和期货，而进行大量共同基金和信托的交易。在景气时期，当价格上涨时，储蓄资金或其他类型的投资资金就会进入市场。当这种情况发生时，价格就会被推高。通常接下来会有一段时间的投机买卖，在这段时间里，趁市场行情上涨而赚钱的“多头”占了上风。当市场不再持续投机热，就
5、会出现抛售反应，价格开始下跌。在这一点上，“看跌者”或那些在市场行情下跌中赚钱的人是幸运的。美国人几乎什么都是赊购，股票也不例外。通常情况下，投资者可以先付50%的首付，剩下的部分再贷款购买股票。这叫做用50%的“定金”来购买股票。投资人向经纪行借差额，把股票存放在经纪行里作抵押。2. 单选题Since Mr. White died a year ago, there has been discord in the family about the division of the estate.问题1选项A.distinctionsB.disagreementsC.disadvantagesD
6、.discussions【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. distinctions区别 B. disagreements分歧；争论C. disadvantages缺点 D. discussions讨论【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】分析句子可知，discord是一个名词，dis-前缀表示否定的，那么discord可能是一个贬义词，由关键信息the division of the estate（遗产分配问题）综合理解可推断，discord是指遗产分配上的分歧或不和，B项词义与之相近，故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合划线单词词义。【句意】自从怀特先生一年前去世以来，家里在遗产分配
7、问题上一直不和。3. 单选题She won because of her unflagging energy and willpower.问题1选项A.indefatigableB.involuntaryC.indifferentD.infallible【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. indefatigable不屈不挠的；不知疲倦的 B. involuntary无意识的；不自觉的C. indifferent漠不关心的 D. infallible永无过失的；一贯正确的【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】flag作动词，是“热情消退，疲乏”的意思，加上否定前缀un-，也就是“不知疲乏”的意思，A
8、项词义与之相近，故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项词义不符合句中所选词汇。【句意】她赢了，是因为她不屈不挠的精力和毅力。4. 不定项选择题It is often claimed that nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. We live in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand for commercial products of all kinds. Moreover, an increase in industrial production is
9、considered to be one solution to the problem of mass unemployment. Such an increase presumes an abundant and cheap energy supply. Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an inexhaustible and economical source of power and chat it is therefore essential for an industrially developing society
10、. There are a number of other advantages in the use of nuclear energy. Firstly, nuclear power, except for accidents, is clean. A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor represents an enormou
11、s step in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expect a return to more primitive sources of fuel. However, opponents of nuclear energy point out that nuclear power stations bring a direct threat not only to the environment but also to civil liberties.Fur
12、thermore, it is questionable whether ultimately nuclear power is a cheap source of energy. There have, for example, been very costly accidents in America, in Britain and, of course, in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions co
13、uld price nuclear power out of the market. In the long run, environmentalists argue, nuclear energy wastes valuable resources and disturbs the ecology to an extent which could bring about the destruction of the human race. Thus, if we wish to survive, we cannot afford nuclear energy. In spite of the
14、 case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programs are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems th
15、ere are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power.1. The writers attitude toward nuclear energy is _.2. According to the opponents of nuclear energy, which of the following is TRUE of nuclear energy?3. Some people claim that nuclear energy is essential because _.4. Which of the following statements does the writer support?5. The function of the last sentence is to _.问题1选项A.indifferentB.favorableC.tolerantD.negative问题2选项A.Primitive.B.Exhaustible.C.Cheap.D.Unsafe.问题3选项A.it provides a perfect solution to mass unemploymentB.
