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1、句子(句子分类，句型转换）句子的分类:由句子结构来讲，可分为三类简单 一、简单句：由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子。 eg. We cleaned the windows and tidied the room. 二、并列句：由并列连词and, but,so,or,for等把两个或两个以上的简单句连起来的句子。 eg. 1)I come from China and he comes from Japan. 2)Hurry up,or youll miss the train. 3)He looked for it everywhere, but he couldnt
2、 find it. 4)She didnt know the answer to the question,so she asked the teacher. 5)Hes interested in music while John is interested in sports. 三、复合句 A.宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导宾语从句的关联词有that, if/whether, what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how等。 1、连接词 1) 由连接词that引导陈述句，在口语中that常省略。 eg. He said tha
3、t he would like to see the headmaster. 2)由连接词whether/if引导一般疑问句，whether和if 常可互换，但下列场合一般用whether. 介词后的宾语从句：Im thinking of whether hell come. 与or not连用：I dont know whether I should go or not. 3)由连接代词what,who(whom,whose)which或连接副词when,where,why,how引导特殊疑问句。 eg. Do you know who/whom she is waiting for? 2、
4、语序：不管宾语从句是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，都要用陈述句语序，也就是说主谓次序不能颠倒。连接词主谓结构 (1).Bill wanted to know who did this. (2).I dont know whats the matter with Bob? (3).I dont know whats wrong with them? 3、时态：一般说来，主从句时态要统一。如果主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要用其它任何时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句应该用相应的过去时态范畴（也就是用一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。 eg.Lily wanted to know
5、whether her grandma liked the handbag. I asked the teacher where we would have the meeting. Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo? 如果从句表明的是一个客观事实或真理，那么无论主句是什么时态，从句都只能用一般现在时。 eg. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 注意：在think后的宾语从句，如果需要表示否定意义，一般不在宾语从句中否定，而是在主句中否定。 eg. I
6、 dont think that English is easy. I think that English is not easy. ( 误) 练习题：（一） How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me how _ _ on with his new classmates? What is he doing there? Mother didnt know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Mother didnt know what _ _doi
7、ng there. Could you tell me _ they are talking about? A.where B.when C.why D.what Youd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on. Excuse me.Could you tell me where _? A.is the toilet B.the toilet is C.was the toiletD.the toilet was 练习题：（二） 1)Whats his name? I asked him.（
8、改为含有宾语从句的复合句） I asked him what _ _ _. 2)Why didnt he look happy? Could you tell me?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me why _ _ look happy? 3)Does he still live in that street? I dont know.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句） I dont know _ he still _ in that street. 4)He said _ there was going to be a meeting that evening. A
9、.what B.if C.that D.how 5)I dont know _ up so early last Sunday. A.why did he getB.why he getsC.why does he getD.why he got 思考题 1)Whose children is the old woman looking after?Did you find out? （改为含有宾语从句的复合句） Did you find out whose children the old woman _ _ after? 2)The moon moves round the earth.
10、My sister told me.（同上） My sister told me _ the moon_ round the earth. 3)I think it is not going to snow tomorrow.（改错） 4)Hello!I _ you _ in London. How long have you been here? A.dont knowwereB.hadnt known are C.havent knownare D.didnt knowwere 5)She asked me _ I thought of the radio. A.what B.how C.
11、that D.whether 1、同义词组的转换：指不同的词组表达同一个意思，用另一个意义相同的词组替换原句中的词组。 1)Did your parents have a good time in Hangzhou? Did your parents _ _ in Hangzhou? 2)Jane prefers English to maths. Jane _ English _ than maths. 3)The smiths flew to London for their holiday yesterday afternoon. The smiths _to London for th
12、eir holiday _ _yesterday afternoon. 4)Yesterday Tom heard from his sister. Yesterday Tom _ _ _ _ his sister. 5)The woman spent ￥200 on her handbag. The woman _ ￥200 _ her handbag. Her handbag _ the woman ￥200. 6)Lily taught herself Japanese. Lily _ Japanese _ _. 7)Lin Feng is weak in English. Lin Fe
13、ng _ _ _ English. 2、反义词或词组的转换，相对于主语来说，动作发出的对象改变 1)They havent written to their daughter for a long time. The daughter _ _ from her parents for a long time. 2)The farmer borrowed a pan from the woman last week. The woman _ a pan _ the farmer last week. 3)Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the roo
