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1、2022年考博英语-中南大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题The origin of the theory that major geologic events may occur at regular intervals can be traced back not to a study of volcanism or plate tectonics but to an investigation of marine extinctions. In the early 1980s,scientists began to look closely at the ques
2、tion of how these extinctions occur. Two paleontologists, Raup and Sepkoski, compiled a master list of marine species that died out during the past 268 million years and noted that there were brief periods during which many species disappeared at once. There mass extinctions occurred at surprisingly
3、 regular intervals.Later studies revealed that extinctions of terrestrial reptiles and mammals also occurred periodically. These findings, combined with the research of Raup and Sepkoski, led scientists to hypothesize the existence of some kind of cyclically recurring force powerful enough to affect
4、 living things profoundly. Speculation that so powerful a force might affect geologic events as well led geologists to search for evidence of periodicity in episodes of volcanism,seafloor spreading, and plate movement.1.The author of the passage would most likely describe the findings of Raup and Se
5、pkoski as （ ）.2.The author of the passage is primarily concerned with（ ）.3.According to the passage, Raup and Sepkoskis research was concerned with（ ）.问题1选项A.Plausible, because the findings supported the theories of previous researchers.B.Significant, because the findings were an impetus for subsequ
6、ent research.C.Controversial, because the findings contradicted the theories of previous researchers.D.Questionable, because the authors were not working in their field of expertise问题2选项A.Determining the dates of various geologic eventsB.Defending the conclusions reached by Raup and SepkoskiC.Establ
7、ishing a link between the disciplines of paleontology and geologyD.Explaining how a theory concerning geologic events was formulated.问题3选项A.Learning more about the habitats of marine species.B.Studying plate tectonics and the occurrence of volcanism over the past 268 million yearsC.Examining extinct
8、ions of marine species over the past 268 million yearsD.Confirming previous evidence suggesting that extinction of terrestrial species occurred regularly【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由“Two paleontologists, Raup and Sepkoski, compiled a master list of marine species that died out during the past 268
9、 million years and noted that there were brief periods during which many species disappeared at once.两位古生物学家，Raup和Sepkoski，编制了一份在过去2.68亿年间灭绝的海洋物种的总清单，并指出，有一段短暂的时期，许多物种同时消失。”这种发现为后面研究带来了巨大的影响。B项“意义重大，因为这些发现是后续研究的推动力。”相符。2.推理判断题。由第一段第一句话“The origin of the theory that major geologic events may occur at
10、 regular intervals can be traced back not to a study of volcanism or plate tectonics. 认为重大地质事件可能定期发生这一理论的起源可以追溯到火山活动或板块构造研究。” 可以看出全文主要是讲述板块理论如何形成的。3.细节事实题。第一段“Raup and Sepkoski, compiled a master list of marine species that died out during the past 268 million years and noted that there were brief p
11、eriods during which many species disappeared at once. 普和塞普科斯基编撰了一份过去2.68亿年间灭绝的海洋物种的总名单，并指出，有一段短暂的时期，许多物种同时消失。”可知他们主要是证明之前的生物灭绝是突然发生的还是具有周期性的结果。C项符合题意。2. 单选题The research suggests a wave of possible protectionism in 2010 as such investigations lead to the （ ）of anti-dumping penalties.问题1选项A.dispositio
12、nB.distributionC.impositionD.allocation【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。disposition “处置；倾向”；distribution “分布；分配”；imposition “征收；强加”；allocation “分配”。 句意：研究表明，此类调查会导致一系列反倾销惩罚措施出台，在2010年可能会掀起一股保护主义热潮。只有C项能与anti-dumping penalties搭配。3. 翻译题Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences in
13、to Chinese.Beginning in the late 1960s, a growing number of women expressed a strong dissatisfaction with any marriage arrangement where the husband and his career were the primary considerations in the marriage. （1）By the end of the 1970s, for example, considerably less than half of the women in ou
14、r society still believed that they should put their husbands and children ahead of their own careers. In the 2000s, most women in the United States believe that they should be equal partners in their marriages and that their husbands should have equal responsibility for child care and household chor
15、es.（2） In an equal-partnership marriage, the wife pursues afull-time job or career which has equal or greater importance to her husbands, while the long-standing division of labor between husband and wife comes to an end. The husband is no longer the main provider of family income, and the wife no l
16、onger has the main responsibilities for household duties and raising children. Husband and wife share all these duties equally. Power over family decisions is also shared equally.（3）The reality of life in the present world is that although most American women now have an equal say in the decision affecting the family, t
