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1、非谓语动词解题指导及强化训练在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。1）不定式 (to do) 表示目的，将来时态语态 主动被动一般式to do to be done 完成式 to have doneto have been done2）动名词/现在分词 ing 表示主动，同时进行时态语态 主动被动一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done3）过去分词 ed 表示被动，完成的状态 否定形式： not + to do，not + -ing，not
2、+ -ed在做题过程中，如果能按照“先结构，再语态，后时态”这三步思考，再难的题目也能迎刃而解。 一、先结构。非谓语动词充当动词的宾语或宾语补足语的时候，它的形式要由前面的动词决定。因此，我们要先考虑它与前面动词固定搭配的结构形式。有些动词的宾语只接动词不定式(to do)，如agree, ask, decide, expect, pretend, want, wish, learn, seem等；而有些动词或动词短语则要求只能用动名词(-ing)作宾语，如appreciate, avoid, delay, allow, suggest, finish, practice, enjoy, im
3、agine, forbid, risk, mind, stand, consider, insist on, escape, look forward to等；还有一些使役动词的固定搭配，如have sth. done等，动词搭配的结构已经固定了非谓语的形式。例如： He was pretending _ while his mother came in his study. A. reading B. to be reading C. read D. be reading 只要学生掌握动词pretend后只能接不定式作它的宾语，即pretend to do sth（假装做某事）这个结构的话，
4、一眼就可选出B这个正确答案。 二、再语态。不必考虑或考虑完毕非谓语动词的固定结构后，再分析非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语的关系，如果是被动关系，则要选用相应的被动形式，如to be done, being done, done等。例如： _ from a distance, the mountain looked like a lion. A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See 非谓语动词see与其逻辑主语the mountain的关系是被动关系，所以答案选A。 三、后时态。 前面两种情况都考虑完后，我们要根据语境分辨非谓语动词这个动作或状态与对应的谓语动词两个动作发生
5、的顺序选择正确的时态。如果非谓语动词这个动作或状态在对应的谓语动词之前所发生的，则要用完成式having done, to have done（主动）或having been done, to have been done（被动）；同时发生的，用进行式doing（主动）或being done（被动）；之后发生的，可用不定式to do（主动）或to be done（被动）。如： He seemed _ by his father since he looked upset then. A. to be scolded B. to have been scolded C. being scolde
6、d D. scolded首先，我们要考虑seem接宾语的非谓语动词形式是不定式，即seem to do sth.，其次我们要考虑scold跟逻辑主语He的关系是被动，即seem to be scolded，最后我们要考虑时态，seemed已经是过去时，而且从句since he looked upset then也是过去时，因此scold这动作肯定是在seem和look之前发生。这样推下来，只有B项( seemed to have been scolded)符合题目意思和逻辑。典型例题：1. _ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. A
7、. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising2. Dont sit there _ nothing. Come and help me with the table. A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing3. No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. A. performed B. performing c. to be perform
8、ed D. being performed4. _ this cake, youll need 2 eggs, 175g sugar and 175g flour. A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making5. My cousin came to see me from the country, _ me a full basket of fresh fruits. A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought6. Tom sounds very much _ in the job, but I
9、m not sure whether he can manage it. A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly7. _ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed8. “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C. to ru
10、n D. ran9.You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it _ often enough. A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained10. The manager, _ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us, left the meeting room. A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making11._ from other continents fo
11、r millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated12. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To wait B. Have
12、 waited C. Having waited D. To have waited 13. _ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed14. You were silly not_ your car. A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked 15. The old man,
13、 _abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked16. Dont leave the water _while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run17.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found_ in the kitchen. Asmoke Bsmoking C
14、to smoke Dsmoked18. Having a trip abroad is certainty good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen19. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered20. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. Aexpected Bto expect Cto be expecting DexpectsKeys:1-5: B C A C B 6-10: A B B D B 11-15: C C C B D 16-20: B B B A B
