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1、附 录 AThe working principle of gear pumpBy into the internal gear pump a pair of gear, gear of two side have cover, shell, cover and gear of each tooth formed many seal groove between work cavity. When gear as shown on the right direction rotates, oil absorption cavity due to mesh with each other in
2、engagement gradually withdraw, seal volume increase gradually, vacuum forming part of the oil in the tank, so outside the atmospheric pressure, the function of the oil absorption, oil absorption into the cavity, the gear, and as full of slot between gear rotating, put the oil to the left pressure oi
3、l lumen. In one side, because gear oil pressure here into meshing, seal gradually working chamber volume will decrease, the oil will be out, from pressure oil chamber pressure is sent to the in pipeline. In the working process of the gear pump, as long as two gear direction of rotation unchanged, it
4、s to absorb the soot, the position of the cavity is sure the same. Here the meshing point tooth contact line has been space high and low voltage cavity with two plays a role in the gear pump oil, so do not need set up special assignment institutions, this is it and other types of volumetric hydrauli
5、c pump differences. The concept of the gear pump is very simple, that is, it is the most basic form of two dimensions of the same gear in a closely in the shell, the shell rotating mesh with each other the internal similar 8 glyph, two gear, gear inside the outer diameter and shell on both sides and
6、 closely. From the extruder materials in the suction into two gear, and full of the middle space, with the rotation of the teeth, and the last in the shell movement along the two teeth mesh eduction.I n terms of speaking, the gear pump also called positive displacement device, that is like a cylinde
7、r piston, when in a tooth into another tooth fluid, liquid space by mechanical discharged. To squeeze Because liquids as incompressible, so the liquid and tooth can occupy the same space at the same time, such, liquid was ruled out. Because of the constant mesh, this phenomenon is in continuous occu
8、r, thus also in the pump export provides a continuous removal amount, pump every around, the amount of discharge are the same. Along with the drive shaft rotation incessantly, the pump is also not a break from fluid. The flow rate of the pump and the speed of the pump directly about.In fact, there w
9、ere a small amount of the pump fluid loss, which make the pump efficiency cant reach 100%, because these fluid is used to lubricating bearings and gear, and on both sides of the pump body cant without clearance fit, so cant make fluid from export 100% from a small amount of fluid loss, so is inevita
10、ble. However pump can still operating well, for most extrusion material, it can still reach 93% 98% of efficiency. For viscosity or density in the process of change, this pump is not fluid too much influence. If there is a damper, such as in the row export side put a screen or a limitation for the d
11、evice, the pump will promote the fluid through them. If the damper in work, that is, if the mesh changes become dirty, blocked, or the limit of back pressure increased, the pump will remain constant flow, until it reaches the weakest part of the device of mechanical limit (usually equipped with a to
12、rque limit device).For a pump rotation speed, in fact, there is a limit, it mainly depends on process flow, if the transfer of oil, it can pump is at high speed rotating, but when the fluid is a kind of high viscosity polymer melt, the restrictions will be significantly reduced. Promote high sticky
13、fluid into the suction side of the two tooth space is very important, if the space did not fill, it cant pump discharge accurate flow, so the PV value (pressure x velocity is also a) a limiting factor, and its a process variables. Because these restrictions, the gear pump manufacturers will provide
14、a series of products, i.e., different specifications and displacement (every turn a week does quantity). The pump will and the concrete application process, in order to make the system combined capacity and price to achieve optimal.附 录 B齿轮泵的工作原理轮泵由装在壳体内的一对齿轮所组成，齿轮两侧有端盖，壳体、端盖和齿轮的各个齿间槽组成了许多密封工作腔。当齿轮按图
15、示方向旋转时，右侧吸油腔由于相互啮合的轮齿逐渐脱开，密封工作容积逐渐增大，形成部分真空，因此油箱中的油液在外界大气压力的作用下，经吸油管进入吸油腔，将齿间槽充满，并随着齿轮旋转，把油液带到左侧压油腔内。在压油区一侧，由于轮齿在这里逐渐进入啮合，密封工作腔容积不断减小，油液便被挤出去，从压油腔输送到压力管路中去。在齿轮泵的工作过程中，只要两齿轮的旋转方向不变，其吸、排油腔的位置也就确定不变。这里啮合点处的齿面接触线一直分隔高、低压两腔起着配油作用，因此在齿轮泵中不需要设置专门的配流机构，这是它和其它类型容积式液压泵的不同之处。齿轮泵的概念是很简单的，即它的最基本形式就是两个尺寸相同的齿轮在一个紧
16、密配合的壳体内相互啮合旋转，这个壳体的内部类似“8”字形，两个齿轮装在里面，齿轮的外径及两侧与壳体紧密配合。来自于挤出机的物料在吸入口进入两个齿轮中间，并充满这一空间，随着齿的旋转沿壳体运动，最后在两齿啮合时排出。在术语上讲，齿轮泵也叫正排量装置，即像一个缸筒内的活塞，当一个齿进入另一个齿的流体空间时，液体就被机械性地挤排出来。因为液体是不可压缩的，所以液体和齿就不能在同一时间占据同一空间，这样，液体就被排除了。由于齿的不断啮合，这一现象就连续在发生，因而也就在泵的出口提供了一个连续排除量，泵每转一转，排出的量是一样的。随着驱动轴的不间断地旋转，泵也就不间断地排出流体。泵的流量直接与泵的转速有关。实际上，在泵内有很少量的流体损失，这使泵的运行效率不能达到100，因为这些流体被用来润滑轴承及齿轮两侧，而泵体也绝不可能无间隙配合，故不能使流体100地从出口排出，所以少量的流体损失是必然的。然而泵还是可以良好地运行，对大多数挤出物料来说，仍可以达到9398的效率。对于粘度或密度在工艺中有变化的流体，这种泵不会受到太多
