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1、解析几何中的英文单词和短语解析几何Analytic Geometry 第一章 矢量与坐标Chapter 1 Vectors and Coordinates标量scalar矢量vector坐标coordinate空间space系统system代数algebra量quantity计算calculation力学mechanics物理学physics解solution概念concept长度length面积area体积volume唯一displacement大小magnitude方向direction线段line segment又向线段line segment始点initial point终点termi
2、nal point模module等于equal to 零zero平行四边形parallelogram邻边adjacent side折线broken line法则rule共线collinear共面coplanar加法运算additive operation三角形triangle对角线diagonal平移translation交换律law of commutation结合律law of association分配率law of distribution乘法multiplication分解decomposition系数coefficient基底base等式equality三棱形triangular
3、prism六面体hexahedron平分线bisector连线connecting line线性相关linear dependence线性无关linear independence线性组合linear combination标架frame直角right angle仿射affine左旋/手标架left-handed frame右旋/手标架right-handed frame空间矢量space vector笛卡尔坐标系cartesian coordinate system第一象限first quadrant分母denominator分子molecular仿射坐标系affine coordinate
4、 system坐标平面coordinate plane坐标轴coordinate axis定点vertex重心barycenter中点median point中线median line射影projection射影矢量projective vector射线ray垂直perpendicularity夹角included angle余弦cosine方向余弦direction cosine正弦sine反交换anti-commutative反矢量inverse vector垂足pedal两倍two-fold混合积mixed product数性积/内积inner product绝对值absolute va
5、lue单位矢量unit vector零矢量zero vector平方square平方和sum of squares高height高线altitude距离distance分量component左手系left-handed system右手系right-handed system棱/边edge正数positive number复数complex number符号symbol初等几何elementary geometry四面体tetrahedron矢量积cross product三重向量基triple vector product实数域real number field克拉默法则Cramer rul
6、e拉格朗日恒等式Lagrange identity第二章 轨迹与方程Chapter 2 Loci and Equations轨迹locus方程equation平面plane实数real number对应correspondence曲线curve曲面surface直线straight line充要条件（当且仅当）if and only if图/图标graph圆circle半径radius公式formula原点origin圆心center of circle反比proportion by inversion参数parameter区间interval对称的symmetric定点fixed point
7、准方程quasi-equation一次方程linear equation法矢量normal vector重合coincidence交角intersection angle交点intersection point坐标系coordinate system轴axis有向角directed angle旋轮线/摆线cycloid拱形arch尖点cusp切线tangent line切点/触点tangent point渐进切线asymptotic tangent渐伸线/切展线involvent星形线asteroid初等函数elementary function椭圆ellipse斜率slope等价equiva
8、lence抛物线parabola心形线cardioid抛物柱面parabolic cylinder虚曲面imaginary surface二次方程quadratic equation一元二次方程quadratic equation with one variable配方complete square球/球面sphere圆柱面cylinder椭圆柱面elliptic cylinder双曲柱面hyperbolic cylinder母线generators / generatrix准线directrix质点particle角速度angular velocity维维安尼曲线viviani curve螺
9、旋线spiral螺旋面spiral surface射影柱面projective cylinder右手坐标系right-handed coordinate system圆锥cone圆锥面cone surface因式/因子factor因式分解factoring联立方程simultaneous equations第三章 平面与空间直线Chapter 3 Planes and Straight Lines in Space方位azimuth截距式intercept form常数constant垂线vertical line径矢radius of vector异号opposite sign对边oppos
10、ite side方向矢量direction vector离差dispersion相交intersection不等式inequality二面角interfacial angle相关correlate标准方程standard equation方向数direction number射影平面projective plane公垂线common perpendicular直线束pencil of lines平面束plane pencil / pencil of planes平行平面束pencil of parallel planes平行平面parallel planes平行切线parallel tange
11、nts平行移动parallel translation第四章 柱面、锥面、旋转曲面与二次曲面Chapter 4 Cylinders,Cone Surfaces,Rotation Surfaces and Quadratic Surfaces二次曲面quadratic surface旋转曲面rotation surface齐次方程homogeneous equation直线族family of straight lines二次锥面quadratic cone虚锥面imaginary cone实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis环面torus椭球面ellipsoid旋转椭球面el
12、lipsoid of revolution旋转抛物面paraboloid of revolution单叶univalent旋转轴rotation axis定直线fixed line主平面principal plane主轴principal axis对称平面symmetry plane长半轴semi-major axis短半轴semi-minor axis虚半轴imaginary semi-axis长方体cuboid长轴major axis短轴minor axis端口/线/面section主截线/面principal section分割/切断segmentation截割cutting曲面图形su
13、rface chart双曲面hyperboloid单叶双曲面hyperboloid of one sheet双曲线hyperbola单叶旋转双曲面hyperboloid of one sheet of revolution双叶双曲面hyperboloid of two sheets旋转双叶双曲面hyperboloid of two sheets of revolution双曲抛物面hyperbolic paraboloid马鞍曲面anticlastic surface无心二次曲面quadratic surface without center中心center对称中心symmetric center对称轴symmetric axis焦点focus矩形rectangle弧arc直纹曲面ruled surface第五章 二次曲线的一般理论Chapter 5 General Theory of Quadra
