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1、人教版八年级下册英语第四单元学案一、学习目标：1) Important words: mad, anymore, message, suppose, hard-working2) Important phrases: watch soap operas, be supposed to do, first of all, pass on, sth. happen on3) Important SentencesShe said she was mad at Marcia.She said she was having a party for Lana.What happened on “Youn
2、g Lives” last night?You are supposed to meet at the bus stop to return it.4) Grammar:直接引语和间接引语二、重点难点：1.直接引语与间接引语之间的转化；2.区分bring/take；三、学习过程：Step1单元语法讲解：（直接引语和间接引语）(一)直接引语和间接引语的含义：引述别人的话时，一般采用两种形式：一是引用别人的原话，两边用引号标出，称为直接引语；二是用自己的语言转述别人的话，称为间接引语。间接引语在句中实际上就是宾语从句。(二)直接引语变间接引语的方法：1.从句人称的变化：由直接引语变间接引语时，从句
3、的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。1）直接引语的主语是第一人称时，变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。eg:They said,“We will go there by bus”他们说“我们将乘公共汽车去那儿”。They said they would go there by bus.他们说他们将乘公共汽车去那儿。He said,“I am visiting my aunt next week.”He said that he was visiting his aunt next week.2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。eg:She said
4、 to me,“Are you interested in science?”她对我说：“你对自然科学感兴趣吗？”She asked me if /whether I was interested in science.她问我是否对自然科学感兴趣。He said to me,“You are hard-working.”He told me that I was hard-working.3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称时，变为间接引语时人称保持不变。eg: His mother said to me,“He cant go to school.”他的妈妈对我说：“他不能去上学”。His mo
5、ther told me that he couldnt go to school.他妈妈告诉我他不能去上学了。2.从句时态的变化：1）如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变间接引语时，从局的时态保持不变。eg: He says,“I am visiting my aunt next week.”他说：“我下周要去看望我的姑姑”。He says that he is visiting his aunt next week.2）如果主句的时态为一般过去时，从句的时态要做相应的变化。一般现在时改为一般过去时；现在进行时改为过去进行时；一般将来时改为过去将来时。注意：如果直接引语为客观真理、客
6、观事实、自然现象时，变为间接引语时，时态不做变化。eg: The teacher said to us ,“Light travels faster than sound”.老师告诉我们：“光传播的速度要比声音传播的速度要快”。The teacher told us that Light travels faster than sound.3.句型的变化：1）如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时要用that来引导，that可省略。eg: He said,“I like watching TV.”他说：“我喜欢看电视”。He said that he liked watching TV.2）如果
7、直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用if或whether来引导，且用陈述句语序。eg: He asked me,“Will you buy the red coat?”他问我：“你要买那件红外套吗？”He asked me if/whether I would buy the red coat.3）如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，引导词就是特殊疑问词，且用陈述句语序。eg: She asked me,“Where are you from?”她问：“你从哪里来的？”She asked me where I was from.4）如果直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时，要将祈使句的动
8、词变为不定如：tell(ask , order ,) sb. (not) to do sth.eg: “Open the door.” The teacher said to me.The teacher told me to open the door.“Dont open the door.” The teacher said to me.The teacher told me not to open the door.语法针对性练习：（）1. She said she _ sorry for being late.A. isB. wasC. wereD. are（）2. I asked
9、her _.A. why does she want to copy my homework.B. why did she want to copy my homework.C. why she wants to copy my homework.D. why she wanted to copy my homework.（）3. My father told me the earth _ round.A. isB. wasC. will beD. would be（）4. She asked me _ she could use my mobile phone.A. thatB. forC.
10、 weatherD. if（）5. He told us _ he would buy a new car.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. ifStep2 Learn the new words预习导学：1.mad adj.生气的；气愤的构成结构：be mad at sb.=_意为“生某人的气”eg:我妈妈很生我的气，因为我没有完成家庭作业。My mother is _ _ me because I didnt finish my homework.疯狂的；着迷的相当于crazy,构成短语：be mad to do sth.eg:你开车这么快，一定是疯了。You must b
11、e mad _ _ so fast.2.notanymore不再；再也不eg:我将再也不是你最好的朋友了。I_be your best friend_.他不再住这儿了。He _live here _.3.first of all首先= _4.message cn.消息；信息；口信拓展：给某人捎口信_给某人留口信_发短信_5.pass on传递试译：传递给某人某物_= pass on sth. to sb.eg:请把钢笔传递给Tom. _这是Tom的钢笔，请传给他。_6.suppose v.假定；认为；期望短语：be supposed to do sth. = should do sth.译作：
12、_be not supposed to do sth. = shouldnt do sth.译作：_eg:你应该认真听讲。You _ _ _ _ carefully.你不应该上课迟到。You _ _ _ _ late for class.7.hard-working adj.勤勉的；努力工作的eg:他是一个努力工作的人。He is a _ person.你很努力。You are _.预习自测:根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词或短语：1.He left a m_ on your table.2.Dont _(生气) her. She isstill too young.3.They both _(传
13、递)their sticks at the same time.4.He _(归还) my MP3 to me yesterday.5.They will _(举办一个惊喜的晚会) for Tom.Step 3课文重点知识讲解：1.You are supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it.精讲：return v.“归还”相当于give back短语：换给某人某物return sb. sth.= _= give sth. back to sb.eg:请把伞还给我。_return to someplace“返回某地”相当come/go back to some place.eg:他就要回上海了。He will _ _Shanghai.2.Lana told Marcia she would bring some books to her house.区别：bring / takebring“拿来，带来”指从别处把物或人带到或拿到说话者所在的位置。take“拿走，带走”表示把人或物拿开或带离说话者所在的位置。
