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1、2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点名词专练（二）一、基础达标测试（本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分）1.At some point we need to make sure that our expectations are the same as other family _ (member) expectations.【答案】members【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：在某些时候，我们需要确保我们的期望和其他家庭成员的期望是一样的。设空处应用名词所有格，作expectations的定语；又因空前有other，应用member的复数形式的所有格members。故填members.2.The
2、success of our plan rests on your _ (cooperate).【答案】cooperation【解析】句意：我们计划的成功取决于你们的合作。分析句子可知，物主代词your后接名词。cooperate合作，动词，其名词为cooperation，故填cooperation.3.We appreciated his _ (devote) of time and money to the project.【答案】devotion【解析】考查名词。句意：我们感谢他为这个项目投入的时间和金钱。此处有形容词性物主代词his，后面修饰名词，故填devote的名词形式，devot
3、ion。故填devotion.4.The team was becoming weaker and weaker because of his _ (relax) in the match.【答案】relaxation【解析】考查名词。句意：因为在比赛中的放松，这个队变得越来越弱。形容词性物主代词his后加名词，relaxation放松，名词，故填relaxation.5.After the meeting, the chairman asked him to explain his _ (absent).【答案】absence【解析】句意：会议结束后，主席请他解释他缺席的原因。absent缺
4、席的，形容词，根据前面的形容词性物主代词his可知，此处其名词形式absence。故填absence.6.The Nobel Prize in Physics went to a Japanese and a Canadian scientist, for their _ (discover) of neutrino oscillation (中微子振荡).【答案】discovery【解析】句意：一位日本科学家和一位加拿大科学家获得了诺贝尔物理学奖，因为他们发现了中微子振荡现象。前面是形容词性物主代词，后面跟名词，且根据提示词可知，该空表示的是“发现”，故填discovery.7.We all
5、 have an _(expect) that he can pass the driving test next week.【答案】expectation【解析】考查名词。句意：我们都期待着他下周能通过驾照考试。本空要使用名词做宾语，名词expectation“期盼”是可数名词，根据an可知，使用单数形式，故填expectation.8.We had no _ (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the country.【答案】hesitation【解析】考查名词和固定搭配。句意：当可怕的地
6、震袭击这个国家时，我们毫不犹豫地帮助灾民。have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事，固定搭配。故填hesitation.9.We hope for a lasting_(settle) of all these troubles.【答案】settlement【解析】考查可数名词。句意：我们希望所有这些问题都能得到持久解决。根据语境中的不定冠词a可知，本空填写可数名词的单数形式settlement“解决”，在句中作介词for的宾语，故填settlement.10.With international joint efforts, hopefully we
7、can make a difference in helping rid Africans of _(starve) and poverty.【答案】starvation【解析】考查名词。介词of后要用名词作宾语，starve的名词是starvation，此处和poverty并列，结合语境，使用其单数形式。故填starvation.11.Men and women must be treated equally in education and_(employ).【答案】employment【解析】考查名词。由句子结构可知，空处需用名词做介词in的宾语；employ的名词为employment
8、“雇用、就业”不可数。故填employment.12.She is suffering from severe morning _ (sick).【答案】sickness【解析】考查词性的变化。句意：他患有严重的晨吐。空格前有形容词severe修饰名词，形容词sick的名词形式在词尾加ness,故填sickness.13.The millionaires are only a_ (minor), but most people live miserably.【答案】minority【解析】考查可数名词的单数形式。句意：百万富翁只是少数，但大多数人生活地悲惨。根据语境中的不定冠词a可知，本空填写
9、可数名词的单数形式minority“少数”，在句中作表语，故填minority.14.We were fighting for _ (survive), protecting and providing for those we loved.【答案】survival【解析】考查名词。根据句子分析可知，本空要使用名词做介词for的宾语，survive的名词是survival“生存”，是不可数名词，故填survival.15.She looked at us in _ (amaze).【答案】amazement【解析】考查名词和固定短语。根据句子分析可知，介词in后要使用名词做宾语，amaze的名
10、词是amazement“惊奇”，不可数，inamazement惊讶地，固定短语。故填amazement.16.To his _(悲伤), his beloved pet dog died in a traffic accident.【答案】sorrow【解析】考查名词。句意：让他感到伤心的是，他心爱的宠物狗在一场交通事故中去世了。根据汉语意思可知，悲伤sorrow，在句子中做宾语，故填sorrow.17.The professor expressed his _ (satisfy) with the result of the experiment.【答案】satisfaction【解析】考查
11、名词。分析句子结构可知，此处需用名词作动词expressed的宾语。satisfaction，不可数名词，满意。故填satisfaction.18.With the_(develop) of science and technology, the usage of artificial intelligence turns out to be a reality.【答案】development【解析】考查名词。根据句子结构分析，前面有介词with，后面接名词作宾语，With the development of science and technology随着科技的发展，符合题意，故填deve
12、lopment.19.Boys and girls, do bring your _ (partner) to take part in the party!【答案】partners【解析】句意：孩子们，一定要把你们的同伴带来参加聚会！结合句意及语境可知，此处应用名词复数形式，partner“同伴，舞伴”，是可数名词，故填partners.20.Although you can find _ (bargain) in London, its not generally a cheap place to shop.【答案】bargains【解析】句意：虽然你会在伦敦找到便宜货，但它通常不是一个购
13、物便宜的地方。句中bargain意为“便宜货”，是可数名词；根据句意可知，用其复数形式。故填bargains.二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）1. (2017高考全国卷) It was a _(relieve) and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle of the road.【答案】relief【解析】考查词性变化。句意：很放松，我突然停在路中间。本题空格前有冠词a,说明横线处需要名词形式，将动词relieve改成名词relief,故填relief.2.（2016.高考全国卷I）Id skipped nearby
14、Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese (painting).【答案】paintings 【解析】考查名词。句意：在如此多的中国绘画中。painting为可数名词，注意用复数形式。故填paintings.2. （2015.高考全国卷II）In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the
15、 adobe dwellings admirable is their_ (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment. 【答案】ability【解析】考查词性转换。句意：除了简单的美丽，使土坯住宅令人钦佩的是他们能够“空气条件”的房子，而不使用电气设备。their是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词故该空要填名词ability.3. （2015.高考福建卷）My second piece of _(advise) is simple.【答案】advice 【解析】考查词性转换。句意：我的第二条建议很简单。短语“一条建议”翻译成a piece of advice,需要将动词advise改成名词形式advice, 故填advice.5.（2015.高考福建卷）This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument. Just make an (a
