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1、2022年考博英语-浙江工商大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题In War Times, many weak nations were（ ）by the powerful ones.问题1选项A.monopolizedB.absorbedC.combinedD.engaged【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项monopolize“完全控制”；B选项absorb“吸收；吸引；掌握”；C选项combine“联合，结合”；D选项engage“参与；吸引（兴趣）”。填入过去分词构成被动语态，由weak nations和the powerful ones的关系可知mono
2、polize“完全控制”的分词monopolized符合题意，句意为：在战争时期，许多弱小的国家都被强大的国家控制。故答案选A。2. 翻译题 Building a degree of transportation and inventory cost ambiguity into the system design will allow one to estimate high and low values for these costs, with the comfort that costs will come in between these worst and best cases.
3、Global sourcing systems are also dynamic creatures, subject to change and improvement over time. It is essential that the performance of the sourcing system be monitored by all parties to the partnership to maintain its common focus. Several additional items should be considered whenever internation
4、al sourcing is an alternative for a firm: possible use of child labor, changing tariff structures, foreign trade zones, exporting for assembly in bond, and counter trade.【答案】 在系统设计中建立一定程度的运输和库存成本的模糊性，将可以估算出这些成本的高值和低值，而成本将会在这些最坏和最好的情况之间。全球采购系统也是动态的，随着时间的推移会发生变化和改进。至关重要的是，结为伙伴关系的各方都要对采购系统的性能进行监控，以确保达成
5、共识。当国际采购是公司的一种选择时，应考虑以下额外几点：使用童工的可能性，变化的关税结构，外贸区，保税出口组装和补偿贸易。3. 单选题With scholars from 24 countries （ ）the conference, the committee had a great deal of work to do.问题1选项A.attendB.attendedC.attendingD.to attend【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。这里考查的是非谓语动词。with+名词+分词，表示原因或者伴随条件，scholars和动词attend是主动关系，故正确答案选C。句意为：有
6、来自24个国家的学者参加了会议，组委会有很多工作要做。4. 单选题Little （ ）how happy I had been.问题1选项A.she had realizedB.did she realizeC.she realizedD.has she realized【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。当否定词little位于句首时后面的句子要进行主谓倒装，且由句中关键词“had been（过去完成时态）”的对应知这里应用一般过去时态，故B项“did he realize”正确。5. 单选题 Dieting, according to an old joke, may not ac
7、tually make you live longer, but it sure feels that way. Nevertheless, evidence has been accumulating since the 1930s that calorie restrictionreducing an animals energy intake below its energy expenditureextends lifespan and delays the start of agerelated diseases in rats, dogs, fish and monkeys. Su
8、ch results have inspired thousands of people to put up with constant hunger in the hope of living longer, healthier lives. They have also led to a search for drugs that mimic the effects of calorie restriction without the pain of going on an actual diet. Amid the trend, it is easy to forget that no
9、one has until now shown that calorie restriction works in humans. That omission, however, changed this month, with the publication of the initial results of the first systematic investigation into the matter. This study took 48 men and women and assigned them randomly to either a control group or a
10、calorierestriction regime. Those in the second group were required to cut their calorie intake for six months to 75% of that needed to maintain their weight. The study is a landmark in the history of the field, because its subjects were either of normal weight or only slightly overweight. Previous p
11、rojects have used individuals who were clinically fat, thus confusing the unquestionable benefits to health of reducing fatness with the possible advantages of calorie restriction to the otherwise healthy. At a molecular level, it suggests these advantages are real. Those on restricted diets showed
12、drops in body temperature and bloodinsulin levelsboth phenomena that have been seen in longlived, calorierestricted animals. They also suffered less damage to their DNA. Eric Ravussin, of Louisiana State University, says that such results provide support for the theory that calorie restriction produ
13、ces a metabolic adaptation over and above that which would be expected from weight loss alone. Nevertheless, such metabolic adaptation could be the reason why calorie restriction is associated with longer lifespan in other animalsand that is certainly the hope of those who, for the past 15 years, ha
14、ve been searching for ways of triggering that metabolic adaptation by means other than semi-starvation. The search for a drug that will delay old age is itself as old as the hillsas is the wishful thinking of the suckers who finance such efforts. Those who hope to find it by mimicking the effect of
15、calorie restriction are not, however, complete snake-oil salesmen, for there is known to be a family of enzymes, which act both as sensors of nutrient availability and as regulators of metabolic rate. These might provide the necessary biochemical link between starving and living longer.1. We learn from the first two paragraphs that （ ）.2. The word “landmark” (Line 1, Paragraph 3) probably means（ ）.3. The results of previous research on the effects of calorie restriction are unconvincing because （ ）.4. It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that people（ ） .5. People might take enzymes a
